Ushbu maqolada mental arifmetikaning boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining matematik tafakkurini rivojlantirishdagi roli o‘rganiladi. Mental arifmetika nafaqat tez hisoblash malakalarini, balki tafakkur, xotira, diqqat va tasavvur kabi kognitiv kompetensiyalarni ham rivojlantiradi. Tadqiqotda turli metodlar asosida tajriba sinf o‘quvchilari bilan ish olib borilib, ularning natijalari tahlil qilindi.

Ushbu tadqiqot xalqaro sport tashkilotlari (XST) faoliyatida yuzaga keladigan asosiy muammolarni aniqlash va ularni hal etish bo‘yicha takliflar ishlab chiqishga qaratilgan. Tadqiqotda korrupsiya, dopping, siyosiy aralashuv, moliyaviy qiyinchiliklar va tengsizlik kabi muammolar tahlil qilindi. Adabiyotlarni tahlil qilish, qiyosiy tahlil va ekspertlar fikrini so‘rash usullari qo‘llanilgan holda, ushbu muammolarni hal etish uchun shaffoflikni oshirish, moliyaviy nazoratni kuchaytirish, doppingga qarshi kurashni kuchaytirish, siyosiy aralashuvni taqiqlovchi qoidalarni qat’iy qo‘llash, moliyaviy barqarorlikni ta’minlash va teng imkoniyatlarni yaratish kabi chora-tadbirlar taklif etildi. Ushbu chora-tadbirlar XSTlarning faoliyatini yaxshilash va sportning halolligi va barqaror rivojlanishini ta’minlashga yordam berishi kutilmoqda.

Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining jismoniy tayyorgarligini harakatli o‘yinlar orqali takomillashtirishning ahamiyati ko‘rib chiqiladi. Jismoniy tarbiya bolalarning jismoniy, ruhiy va ijtimoiy rivojlanishida muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Maqolada harakatli o‘yinlar, ularning turlari va foydalari haqida so‘z yuritilib, bolalarning jismoniy tayyorgarligini oshirishda qanday qilib samarali foydalanish mumkinligi haqida tavsiyalar beriladi. O‘yinlar orqali bolalar mushaklarni rivojlantirish, muvozanatni saqlash, hamkorlik qilish va stressni kamaytirish kabi ko‘nikmalarni o‘zlashtiradilar. Ushbu tadqiqot natijalari o‘qituvchilar va ota-onalar uchun jismoniy faoliyatni rag‘batlantirishda muhim yo‘riqnoma bo‘lishi mumkin.

Legal capacity, defined as an individual’s competence to acquire rights and bear obligations, is recognized as a fundamental principle in all legal systems. This study conducts a comparative analysis of commercial capacity within the legal frameworks of Afghanistan and Egypt. The central question of the research is whether the rules governing capacity in commercial matters are similar to those applied in civil affairs, or whether there are fundamental differences between the two domains. The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the concept of commercial capacity in the two legal systems and to examine whether legally incapacitated individuals are permitted to engage in commercial activities. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical method and is based on legal sources from both countries. The findings reveal that although the foundational principles of capacity are similar in both legal systems, there are notable differences in how these principles are applied. In particular, individuals under legal incapacity are not allowed to independently engage in commercial activities, even with the permission of a guardian or curator. Moreover, guardians or curators are also prohibited from conducting commercial activities on behalf of those under their care. This study is significant because a comparative examination of these laws can enhance the understanding and application of capacity rules in commercial matters in both countries.

Cho‘lponning "Oydin kechalarda" va "Qor qo‘ynida lola" hikoyalarida xalqimizning milliy urf-odatlari, qaynona-kelin munosabatlari, ayollarning jamiyatdagi o’rni, oiladagi mehr-oqibat va hurmat kabi qadriyatlar aks ettiriladi. Mustamlakachilik, ichkilikbozlik, axloqiy inqiroz fosh etilib, ijtimoiy muammolar ko‘tariladi. Adib hikoyalarida o’tmishdagi illatlarning inson taqdiriga bo’lgan salbiy ta’sirini ishonarli va hayotiy tasvirlaydi, mehr-oqibat, sabr-toqat va ma’suliyat tamoyillarini yuksak badiiy mahorat bilan ochib beradi. Adib hikoyada muammolarning kelib chiqish sabablarini ko’rsatish bilan birga uning oqibatidan to’g’ri xulosa chiqarishga chaqiradi. Tadqiqot natijasida Cho‘lpon hikoyalarining badiiy-estetik va ijtimoiy ahamiyati aniqlanadi. Syujet, badiiy vositalar va qahramonlarning ichki kechinmalari o‘rganiladi. Cho‘lpon hikoyalarida milliy qadriyatlarimizning aks etishi badiiy jihatdan chuqur, ramziy va turli qirralarda namoyon bo‘ladi.