Ushbu maqolada terminlar tarjimasi jarayonidagi muammolar, tarjimada qo‘llaniladigan asosiy usullar va noto‘g‘ri yondashuvlar tahlil qilinadi. Terminlarning boshqa tillardan o‘zlashishi va ularni tarjima qilishda uchraydigan murakkabliklar, tarjimonning vazifasi, shuningdek, mukammal tarjimaga erishish uchun tavsiya etilgan yondashuvlar yoritiladi. Makarova va Kashper tomonidan taklif etilgan nazariy usullar asosida termin tarjimasining samarali yo‘llari ko‘rib chiqiladi.
Maqolada moliyaviy natijalar auditining nazariy asoslari, amaliy ahamiyati va uni takomillashtirish zarurati chuqur tahlil etiladi. Moliyaviy natijalar – daromadlar, xarajatlar, foyda va zarar – korxonaning moliyaviy barqarorligi va investitsiyaviy jozibadorligini belgilovchi muhim ko‘rsatkichlar hisoblanadi. Ushbu natijalarni haqqoniy va ishonchli tarzda aks ettirish esa auditorlik faoliyatining markaziy vazifasidir. Mavjud amaliyotda ba’zi korxonalar moliyaviy natijalarni manipulyatsiya qilish, daromadlarni oldindan tan olish yoki xarajatlarni yashirish orqali hisobotlarni sun’iy tarzda ijobiy ko‘rsatishga harakat qilmoqda. Bunday holatlar auditorlar tomonidan aniqlanishi zarur bo‘lib, bu jarayon yuqori darajadagi professional yondashuv, texnik bilimlar va zamonaviy audit vositalarini talab etadi. Maqolada ushbu muammolarni bartaraf etish uchun ilg‘or xalqaro tajriba asosida quyidagi takomillashtirish yo‘nalishlari taklif qilinadi: xalqaro audit standartlari (ISA) asosida metodikani chuqurlashtirish, CAATs (Computer Assisted Audit Techniques) va sun’iy intellekt vositalarini auditorlik faoliyatiga keng joriy qilish, shuningdek, moliyaviy natijalarni tahlil qilishda ichki audit va tashqi auditning samarali hamkorligini yo‘lga qo‘yish. Maqolada shuningdek, moliyaviy natijalarni hisobga olishda shaffoflik va aniqlikni ta’minlovchi avtomatlashtirilgan axborot tizimlarining ahamiyati ham yoritilgan.
Ushbu ilmiy maqolada O‘zbekiston tijorat banklarida, xususan “Agrobank” ATB misolida auditorlik dalillarini to‘plash, tahlil qilish va baholash amaliyoti chuqur tahlil etilgan. Auditorlik dalillari — bu auditorlik xulosasini shakllantirish uchun asos bo‘ladigan axborot va hujjatlardir. Ularning ishonchliligi, yetarliligi va vaqtida taqdim etilishi audit sifati va samaradorligiga bevosita ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Tadqiqotda “Agrobank” ATBning amaldagi ichki audit tizimi, bank ichki nazorati va ma’lumotlar oqimining hujjatlashtirilish holati o‘rganilgan. Maqolada xalqaro audit standartlari (ISA 500 va boshqa tegishli normalar) asosida auditorlik dalillarini olishda zamonaviy yondashuvlar, xususan raqamlashtirish, blokcheyn texnologiyalari, avtomatlashtirilgan monitoring tizimlari va xavfga asoslangan audit metodlari qo‘llanishining afzalliklari yoritilgan. Tadqiqot davomida “Agrobank”da mavjud bo‘lgan ayrim kamchiliklar – ichki axborot tizimlarining integratsiya darajasi pastligi, dalillarni avtomatik yig‘ish vositalarining yetishmasligi, auditorlar malakasining notekisligi — amaliy misollar asosida tahlil qilingan. Maqolada auditorlik faoliyatini takomillashtirish yo‘nalishida bir qator taklif va tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan. Jumladan, raqamli audit platformalarini joriy qilish, ichki auditni kuchaytirish, auditorlar malakasini xalqaro sertifikatlar asosida oshirish va axborot tizimlarini o‘zaro bog‘lash orqali dalillarni real vaqt rejimida olish imkonini beruvchi tizimlar ishlab chiqish zarurligi asoslangan.
Modernizing national curricula has become a global priority in the effort to prepare young learners for the demands of the 21st century. This article explores how curriculum modernization affects primary education, focusing on changes in content, pedagogy, assessment, and equity. It considers both the opportunities and challenges associated with implementing modern educational frameworks, especially in the context of technological advancement and diverse learner needs. The article concludes that while modernization brings numerous benefits—including enhanced engagement, digital literacy, and inclusiveness—it must be carefully managed to ensure that all students benefit equally.
Since gaining independence in 1991, Uzbekistan has undergone substantial transformations in its education system, particularly in primary education. The government has prioritized educational reform as a key driver of national development, aligning its efforts with global standards and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This article reviews the major reforms in Uzbekistan’s primary education sector, highlighting notable achievements such as curriculum modernization, improved infrastructure, and expanded access to early childhood education. It also discusses persistent challenges, including disparities in rural education, teacher training needs, and systemic implementation gaps. The analysis underscores the importance of sustained policy commitment, capacity building, and inclusive approaches for long-term success.