This article provides a thorough theoretical and practical analysis of the role of self-governing bodies—particularly mahallas, citizens' assemblies, and public organizations—in the formation and development of civil society. Within the context of ongoing democratic reforms in Uzbekistan, increasing civic engagement, enhancing the significance of the mahalla institution, and establishing an effective mechanism of mediation between the state and society are considered among the key objectives. The article examines the functions of self-governing bodies, their legal foundations, and their interactions with civil society institutions. It also analyzes their contributions to enhancing the social, economic, and cultural activity of the population. Furthermore, based on comparative analysis with advanced international practices, the article identifies both the strengths and weaknesses of the current system in Uzbekistan. In conclusion, the article presents concrete recommendations and proposals aimed at unlocking the full potential of self-governing bodies in strengthening civil society. This scientific work may serve as a valuable resource for researchers in the field of social sciences, professionals in public administration, and the broader audience interested in the development of civil society.

Mazkur maqolada XIX asr oxiri – XX asr boshlarida Rossiya imperiyasi tomonidan Turkiston o‘lkasida amalga oshirilgan iqtisodiy siyosat tahlil qilingan. Mustamlaka manfaatlariga mos ravishda o‘lkada kapitalistik ishlab chiqarishning rivojlanishi, rus sanoat kapitalining kirib kelishi va sanoat korxonalarining tashkil topishi jarayonlari yoritilgan. Xususan, dastlabki paxta tozalash, ko‘nchilik, vino va aroq, tegirmon, yog‘ zavodlari faoliyati, ularning o‘lkadagi iqtisodiy hayotga ta’siri haqida ma’lumotlar berilgan. Maqolada chor hukumati tomonidan Turkistonni xomashyo bazasiga aylantirish siyosati, mahalliy aholining iqtisodiy manfaatlarining cheklanishi hamda rus monopolistlarining paxta savdosida tutgan o‘rni ilmiy manbalar asosida tahlil etilgan.

This article provides an in-depth examination of management practices in public and private higher education institutions (HEIs) in Uzbekistan. It spans governance, financial management, faculty recruitment, curriculum innovation, and accountability. The analysis integrates empirical data, case examples—such as TEAM University and New Uzbekistan University—and insights from scholarly and policy literature. It highlights how ongoing reforms reshape institutional autonomy, quality assurance, and internationalization, offering implications for higher education policy and institutional strategy.

В статье рассматривается роль рефлексивных методов и технологий самосознания в формировании личностного развития учащихся в образовательных учреждениях Каракалпакстана. Анализируются ключевые подходы к развитию саморефлексии, такие как ведение рефлексивных дневников, групповые обсуждения и использование цифровых технологий для отслеживания эмоционального состояния. Показано, что внедрение данных методов способствует развитию критического мышления, эмоционального интеллекта и личностной зрелости учащихся, что особенно важно в условиях современного образовательного процесса. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о необходимости активного применения рефлексивных практик для формирования гармонично развитой личности и повышения качества образования.

Maqolada reproduktiv salomatlik tushunchasi, uning zamonaviy tibbiyotdagi ahamiyati hamda bepushtlik muammosining asosiy sabablari tahlil qilinadi. Jahon sog‘liqni saqlash tashkiloti (JSST) ma’lumotlariga ko‘ra, dunyo bo‘yicha reproduktiv yoshdagi har oltinchi juftlik bepushtlikdan aziyat chekadi. Ushbu muammo ijtimoiy, psixologik va iqtisodiy oqibatlarga olib kelishi bilan birga, milliy demografik siyosat uchun ham dolzarb hisoblanadi. Tadqiqotda ayol va erkak bepushtligining asosiy etiologik omillari, diagnostika usullari hamda davolash yondashuvlari yoritiladi.