This paper explores the semantic differences in the expressions of emotion in English and Uzbek, shedding light on how language and culture shape emotional communication. The study investigates the ways both languages convey basic emotions, such as happiness, sadness, anger, and fear, and how cultural values influence the choice of expressions, nuances, and intensity in each language. In English, emotions are often expressed with a focus on individual experiences, emphasizing explicit descriptions and metaphorical language. In contrast, Uzbek, as part of a high-context culture, tends to encode emotional expressions with subtle cultural references, idiomatic expressions, and implicit meanings, often prioritizing the social context and collective values. By analyzing common idioms, metaphors, and vocabulary related to emotions, this research highlights key linguistic distinctions that reveal the cultural underpinnings of emotional expression in English and Uzbek. These findings contribute to cross-cultural communication studies, helping to deepen understanding of how emotions are perceived, experienced, and articulated across different linguistic and cultural frameworks.

This article analyzes the concept of religion, the functions of religion, its place in social and political life. In addition, the article analyzes the relationship between politics and religion, religious conflicts occurring in the modern world and their causes. At the same time, examples of several religious conflicts occurring in the modern world are given and the analysis is carried out.

Within the framework of the model of non-stationary motion of a multiphase multicomponent mixture, a numerical simulation of a two-dimensional axisymmetric non-stationary motion of a dispersed three-phase reacting mixture of two-component gas, particles of unitary fuel and homogeneous inert particles is given. The influence of inhomogeneity of inert particles on the interruption of the propagation of heterogeneous detonation waves in monodisperse gas suspensions is studied.

The article is devoted to the study of hidden grammatical rules and the concept of subconscious grammar, which determine the automation of linguistic behavior. It examines the main aspects related to the intuitive use of grammatical structures, including syntactic, morphological, phonetic and pragmatic rules. Special attention is paid to the processes occurring at the neuropsychological level and the role of practice in automating language. The article also explores modern areas of linguistic research, such as neurolinguistics, psycholinguistics and corpus linguistics, emphasizing their contribution to understanding the mechanics of linguistic perception and production.

The prevalence of infectious diseases of the respiratory system and, first of all, pneumonia among the population, the presence of various etiological factors and conditions for the appearance of diseases, doctors of various specialties - therapists, surgeons, neuropathologists - predetermine the occurrence of this disease. Faced with this pathology. Few or atypical clinical signs characteristic of the modern course of pneumonia complicate the diagnosis and complicate the treatment of the patient. The presence of diseases accompanied by decompensation against the background of an infectious lung lesion worsens the prognosis and increases the risk of death. It is especially important to correctly diagnose infectious lung disease in time and to prescribe adequate antibacterial therapy.