Fair competition in the marketplace benefits consumers, sellers, and society; however, in some cases, certain traders may resort to unfair methods or violate competition laws and harm each other's commercial interests. In such cases, the issues of civil and criminal liability arise from unfair competition. Unfair competition can be defined as any competition that is conducted contrary to the norms of honorable conduct and trade. It is an aggressive behavior that arises from the misuse of a specific freedom related to commercial activities that is not inherently prohibited and is permissible when used normally. The legislator has defined acceptable methods and fair competition to maintain market order and gain profit, and traders must use these legal methods in their transactions to avoid causing disorder in the market and harm to others. This article examines the enforcement mechanisms arising from unfair commercial competition in the legal system of Afghanistan. The findings indicate that the enforcement mechanisms arising from unfair competition in the legal system of Afghanistan include: compensation for damages, restoration of the previous state, monetary fines and in some cases imprisonment.

The topic "Statistical study of relationships between events" is one of the main directions of statistics, aimed at determining the interaction of various processes and events. This topic allows us to understand the cause-and-effect relationships between events by studying the quantitative relationship between them. Statistical methods, in particular, correlation and regression analysis, analysis of variance, and analysis of variation, assess the interrelationship of events and the strength of the relationship between them. This topic is of particular importance in linking theoretical knowledge with practice and is effectively used in various fields such as economics, social sciences, healthcare, and agriculture. Through these studies, it is possible to organize decision-making processes on a scientific basis, effectively use resources, and develop development strategies. Therefore, the study of statistical relationships is important in solving current problems in science and practice.

The healthcare industry has undergone significant changes brought about by information technology. From electronically examining patients and updating their medical records to digitally sending blood test results to patients, information technology is changing the healthcare industry by leaps and bounds. Information technology in healthcare and its benefits From transportation to manufacturing, information technology is affecting almost all industries today. According to expert estimates, the healthcare information technology market could reach $390.7 billion by the end of 2024.

This article provides information on stress and stress management. Information is provided on the general characteristics of intrinsic and extrinsic types of motivation. The article discusses the management of physiological and emotional reactions to any type of stress, and the individual's stress tolerance.

In this scientific article, a comparative analysis of the concepts of ethnicity and nation is carried out. First, the historical, cultural and political aspects of the concepts of ethnicity and nation are deeply studied in the article. the differences and similarities between these are analyzed, the social importance, role in society, and specific characteristics of each are highlighted.