This article presents information about the ancient Eastern civilizations and their societies that for the first time in human history formed centralized states, writing, law, education, and social institutions. Based on sources, it is shown that these regions - Babylon (Mesopotamia), Egypt, China, and India - occupied an important place in history not only for the achievements of material culture, but also for their educational systems and ideas.

This article develops interactive game activities to strengthen and develop the English vocabulary of preschoolers on the topic of "Weather Conditions". The aim is to increase the effectiveness of language learning by combining children's motor and memory skills. During the study, various interactive methods were used, focusing on maintaining children's interest and encouraging them to participate actively.

Ushbu maqolada inson tafakkuri va dunyoqarashining shakllanishi va rivojlanishida psixologiya fanining o‘rni va ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Tafakkurning psixologik asoslari, dunyoqarashga ta’sir qiluvchi omillar, zamonaviy psixologik metodlar va ularning shaxs rivojiga ta’siri haqida so‘z yuritiladi. Shuningdek, psixologiyaning turli sohalarining bu boradagi ilmiy va amaliy hissasi ko‘rsatib o‘tiladi.

Ushbu maqolada gepatit C virusi (HCV) infeksiyasining global sog‘liq uchun ahamiyati, genotiplari, yuqish yo‘llari va davolash usullarining zamonaviy yondashuvlari yoritilgan. Maqolada HCV infeksiyasining epidemiologiyasi, virion va genom tuzilishi, hamda virusning jigar faoliyatiga salbiy ta’siri keng tahlil qilinadi. Xususan, to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri ta’sir qiluvchi antiviral vositalar (DAA) terapiyasining samaradorligi, ularning turli genotiplarga ta’siri va interferon asosidagi terapiyaga nisbatan ustunliklari muhokama qilingan. HCVni butunlay yo‘q qilish uchun JSST tomonidan belgilangan maqsadlarga erishish yo‘lida skrining, tashxis, profilaktika va doimiy monitoring zarurligi asoslab berilgan. Shuningdek, DAA terapiyasi bilan bog‘liq rezistentlik, gepatotsellyulyar karsinoma (HCC) xavfi va noinvaziv biomarkerlar orqali monitoring masalalariga ham alohida e’tibor qaratilgan.

Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasining bank tizimi, uning tarkibi, asosiy ishtirokchilari, moliyaviy barqarorligi, raqamli transformatsiyasi va kelajakdagi rivojlanish yo‘nalishlari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, davlat va xususiy banklar o‘rtasidagi nisbat, kredit siyosati, likvidlik ko‘rsatkichlari hamda xalqaro moliyaviy integratsiya jarayonlari yoritiladi. Maqola zamonaviy iqtisodiy sharoitda bank tizimining ahamiyatini ochib beradi va uning raqobatbardoshligini oshirish bo‘yicha takliflarni ilgari suradi.