Qalqonsimon bez xiqildoq qalqonsimon tog’ayi ustida, bo’yinning oldingi yuzasida joylashgan. Qalqonsimon bez bo’yincha bilan birikkan 2 bo’lakdan iborat. Massasi taxminan 30 gr keladi. Qalqonsimon bez tiroksin gormoni ishlab chiqaradi. Tiroksin tarkibiga yod kirib, u qalqonsimon bezga tashqaridan (bu yerga qon oqimi bilan keltiriladi), oziq-ovqat mahsulotlari va ichimlik suvdan tushadi. Qalqonsimon bez moddalar almashinuviga ta’sir qiladi: normaga nisbatan ko’p miqdorda tiroksin ishlab chiqarilishi modda almashinuvining normal bo’lmagan oshib ketishiga olib keladi. Qalqonsimon bez funksiyasi pasayib ketganda va bu gormon yetarlicha ishlanmaganda, aksincha, moddalar almashinuvi pasayadi.

Mazkur maqolada Amir Temur va uning avlodlari – Shohrux Mirzo hamda Sulton Abusaid Mirzoning G‘arbiy hududlarga, xususan Ozarbayjon, Eron va Iroq tomonlaridagi yurishlari tarixiy manbalar asosida yoritilgan. Harbiy yurishlarning asosiy sabablari, yurish jarayonidagi siyosiy voqealar, hududlar o‘zgarishi, hukmdorlar o‘rtasidagi kurashlar va ularning natijalari tahlil qilingan. Temuriylarning Ozarbayjon ustidan olib borgan siyosati va harbiy strategiyasi tarixiy bosqichlar asosida bayon etilgan.

This article explores the effectiveness of interactive teaching methods in improving English vocabulary acquisition among primary school students. The research focuses on various interactive strategies, such as games, role-plays, digital tools, and collaborative learning techniques, which engage learners in the vocabulary learning process. Findings from classroom observations and teacher interviews suggest that these methods significantly enhance students’ motivation, retention, and practical usage of new vocabulary. The article concludes with recommendations for English language teachers on incorporating interactive activities into their daily lesson plans to ensure more effective vocabulary instruction.

Bul maqalada Xorezm baqsıları, olarǵa girjek hám balaman shertiwshiler janapayshı bolıwı, Surxandarya, Qashqadárya hám Samarqand wálayatında ayrıqsha dástúrlerge iye bolǵan dástanshılıq mektepleri, olardıń repertuarlari, usılı, málim dóretiwshilik principi hám atqarıw usılları haqqında sóz etiledi.

“Maqoms are a musical genre that has existed in the peoples of the East since ancient times. They were created by professional musicians and singers on the basis of the unique musical wealth of these peoples and emerged as an independent musical genre in the process of long cultural and historical development.”