This article is devoted to studying the role of new signs in the sign language system and their communicative effectiveness. Sign language is of vital importance for people with hearing impairments and is the main tool for ensuring effective communication with them. The article considers the inclusion of new signs in the language system, their importance in expanding the lexical wealth of the language and increasing communicative capabilities.

The reflection of human relationships in his consciousness in the form of feelings, emotional states, high internal experiences creates emotions. The concept of emotion is used in everyday life. In scientific sources, this state is described by such terms as sensations, unconscious desires, demands, goals.

This article presents some considerations on the pronunciation and spelling of new loanwords. The correspondence and inconsistencies between the spelling and pronunciation of loanwords are analyzed. Also, recommendations are given on determining the correct pronunciation and spelling of loanwords.

Let's understand motive and motivation. Scholars' views on motivation. Theories of motivation.

In this scientific article, a comparative analysis of the concepts of ethnicity and nation is carried out. First, the historical, cultural and political aspects of the concepts of ethnicity and nation are deeply studied in the article. the differences and similarities between these are analyzed, the social importance, role in society, and specific characteristics of each are highlighted.