This scientific work explores the clinical features, causes, and contemporary treatment strategies for tension-type headache in children, one of the most prevalent and often underdiagnosed neurological conditions in the pediatric population. The study highlights the multifactorial origin of tension-type headache, emphasizing psychological stress, musculoskeletal strain, and lifestyle imbalances as central contributing factors. Special attention is given to the importance of early diagnosis based on clinical evaluation, patient history, and the use of structured assessment tools designed for children. The research reviews both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment approaches, with a focus on behavioral therapy, cognitive-behavioral interventions, physical therapy, and biofeedback techniques. Preventive strategies such as stress management, sleep hygiene, physical activity, and nutritional regulation are also discussed as key elements in reducing the frequency and severity of headache episodes. Furthermore, the work highlights the psychosocial impact of chronic headache on children’s academic performance, emotional health, and social development.

Ushbu maqolada inson tanasining eng katta organi — terining gistologik tuzilishi, uning asosiy qatlamlari (epidermis, dermis, gipodermis) va har bir qatlamning morfologik hamda funksional xususiyatlari ilmiy asosda tahlil qilinadi. Ayniqsa, terining himoya funksiyasi: fizik, mikrobiologik, immunologik va mexanik jihatlari chuqur yoritilgan. Maqola teri tuzilmasining mikroskopik ko‘rinishlari, ularning hujayraviy tarkibi va zamonaviy ilmiy yondashuvlar asosida o‘rganiladi. Mazkur tadqiqot gistologiya fani doirasida terining ko‘p funksiyali va ixtisoslashgan tuzilma ekanini ochib beradi hamda klinik amaliyotda uni to‘g‘ri baholash zarurligini ko‘rsatadi.

Ushbu maqolada hind xalqi og‘zaki va yozma adabiyoti javohirlaridan biri bo‘lmish “Kalila va Dimna” turkiy qo‘lyozmalarining o‘ziga xos bo‘lgan jihatlari va uning mazmuniy qurilishi tаdqiq etilgаn.

Mazkur maqolada ta’lim muassasalarini boshqarish jarayonida innovatsion texnologiyalardan foydalanishning nazariy asoslari va amaliy jihatlari yoritilgan. Bugungi kunda ta’lim tizimida raqobatbardoshlikni ta’minlash, samaradorlikni oshirish va strategik maqsadlarga erishishda zamonaviy texnologiyalar muhim vosita sifatida qaralmoqda. Maqolada boshqaruv faoliyatiga raqamli platformalar, sun’iy intellekt asosidagi tizimlar, elektron hujjat aylanishi, masofaviy monitoring va tahlil dasturlarini joriy etishning afzalliklari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, xorijiy tajribalar asosida milliy sharoitga mos innovatsion boshqaruv modellarini yaratish imkoniyatlari o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqot asosida innovatsion texnologiyalarni ta’lim menejmentiga integratsiya qilish orqali samarali, shaffof va tezkor boshqaruv tizimini shakllantirish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.

Освоение методики преподавания русского языка как иностранного становится важным условием и неотъемлемой частью подготовки студентов высших педагогических учреждений Узбекистана к будущей профессиональной деятельности. Цель статьи - подробно описать лингвистические и речевые аспекты обучения устному и письменному общению на русском языке как иностранном, как новом языке.