Samarkand, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and ancient Silk Road hub, faces the challenge of balancing tourism growth with heritage preservation. This article examines sustainable tourism development prospects, analyzing current patterns, identifying challenges, and proposing integrated strategies. Research demonstrates that sustainable development requires combining heritage conservation, community engagement, technological innovation, and strategic policy implementation.

The integration of mathematics and physics in modern education systems plays a critical role in fostering students’ analytical thinking, problem-solving skills, and ability to comprehend interdisciplinary connections. This article examines the benefits of teaching mathematics and physics in an integrated manner, the effectiveness of this approach in the educational process, and its impact on students’ cognitive development. It demonstrates that integration enhances students’ interest in natural sciences, develops their ability to apply practical knowledge, and improves the quality of the learning process. The article also analyzes practical methods and successful experiences in implementing integrated education.

Maqolada liderlik fenomenining guruh dinamikasi va rivojlanishidagi o'rni chuqur tahlil qilinadi. Liderlikning nazariy asoslari, guruh rivojlanish bosqichlari va liderning har bir bosqichdagi roli ko'rib chiqiladi. Zamonaviy liderlik nazariyalari, empirik tadqiqotlar va amaliy qo'llanilish yo'nalishlari taqdim etiladi. Maqola guruh psixologiyasi, tashkiliy xulq-atvori va liderlik rivojlantirish sohalari mutaxassislari uchun mo'ljallangan.

Ushbu maqola psixologiya fanida fobiya va qo'rquv tushunchalariga nazariy yondashuvlarni ko'rib chiqishga bag'ishlangan. Tadqiqotda qo'rquvning tabiiy adaptiv funksiyasi va fobiyaning patologik xususiyatlari o'rtasidagi farqlar tahlil qilingan. Maqola zamonaviy psixologik tadqiqotlarga asoslanib, fobiya va qo'rquvning murakkab tabiatini ochib beradi.

Maqolada self-learning (o‘z-o‘zini o‘rgatish) texnologiyalarining mazmuni, afzalliklari va ularni ta’lim jarayonida qo‘llash samaradorligi yoritilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari self-learning texnologiyalari talabalarning o‘quv motivatsiyasi, tahliliy fikrlashi va mustaqil ta’lim ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishda samarali vosita ekanligini ko‘rsatdi.