This article examines the wide-ranging advantages of developing strong reading abilities among secondary school students. It emphasizes how effective reading comprehension contributes to academic achievement in all subjects, sharpens critical thinking, nurtures creativity and imagination, and encourages lifelong learning habits. Additionally, the article outlines strategies for educators to foster reading interest and improve comprehension in the secondary school environment.

False testimony is considered one of the significant challenges in the judicial system of Afghanistan, having widespread negative impacts on the implementation of justice. This article explores the concept, elements, and penalties for false testimony in Hanafi jurisprudence and the Afghanistan’s Penal Code. According to findings, in Hanafi jurisprudence, false testimony is regarded as a major sin, with penalties such as public humiliation, flogging, and imprisonment prescribed for it. In the Afghanistan criminal justice system, false testimony is also defined as a crime with punishments such as imprisonment, fines, and the imposition of penalties on the false witness based on its impact on the proceedings. The aim of this research is to clarify and examine the crime of false testimony in the Afghanistan’s criminal justice system and to seek answers regarding what constitutes false testimony within this system. The research method employed in this article is fundamental, with information gathered using a descriptive-analytical approach and through library research. The results indicate that Afghan legislators largely follow the views of Imam Abu Yusuf and Muhammad, students of Imam Abu Hanifa, and have attempted to prevent the proliferation of this phenomenon through legal measures. The similarities of this crime in Hanafi jurisprudence and Afghanistan’s criminal law include legal and jurisprudential foundations, attention to the effects of false testimony, penalties for false testimony, and the nature of the crime of false testimony. The differences include the legal approach versus the jurisprudential approach, occurrence only in court sessions versus occurrence in court sessions and before judicial officers, differences in the severity of penalties, civil and criminal liability, and how to deal with false testimony after a verdict is issued.

This article discusses effective strategies and methods for teaching English to young children. It is known that young children have the ability to acquire language naturally and quickly. Therefore, interesting, game-based, interactive approaches to teaching them are more effective than traditional methods. This topic analyzes methods for teaching English to children, such as games, picture and video materials, listening comprehension, and language acquisition through physical movements. It also provides recommendations on how to organize a lesson, taking into account the age characteristics, psychological state, and attention span of children. The main goal of this work is to show creative, effective, and easy-to-learn methods for teaching English to children.

One of the categories of Sharia crimes is the Hudud crimes. By consensus among Sunni jurists, theft is classified as a Hudud crime, for which the prescribed punishment is amputation of the hand. However, in certain cases, the implementation of the punishment for theft is suspended, particularly when there is doubt regarding the crime's occurrence. Based on a Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), Hudud are not implemented in cases of doubt. In such instances, the offender will be punished according to the Penal Code of Afghanistan, specifically referencing Article 2, Paragraph 1, and Article 699, Paragraph 2. This research aims to clarify the foundation and application of the rule of Dar- al-Hudud in the context of theft according to Sunni jurisprudence and to examine its penal consequences in the Afghanistan’s Penal Code. The significance of this research lies in its first step of outlining the applications of this rule, which includes the conditions for the suspension of the punishment for theft in Sunni jurisprudence, and examining the penal consequences for the offender based on the Afghanistan’s Penal Code. In the second step, while applying this rule to the crime of theft and the Afghanistan’s Penal Code, it aims to free the reader from the need to reference other sources, which are mostly in Arabic. Additionally, it is crucial for defense attorneys when preparing defenses, for prosecutors when drafting charges, and for judges during hearings and rulings. The methodology used in this research is descriptive-analytical, utilizing library resources. This study will clarify the terms used in the title and discuss the applications of this rule, including: wrongful appropriation of property, embezzlement, denial of deposit, theft of the Quran, burial shrouds, low-value items, theft not from a secured location, theft from places of worship, etc. In such cases, the punishment for theft is not implemented, and the offender is penalized according to the Afghanistan’s Penal Code.

Navoiyning «Muhokamat ul - lug‘atayn»idagi 100 ta fe’lning semantik xususiyatlarini o‘rganish nomli ushbu maqola, eski o‘zbek va fors tillarining semantik tizimini chuqur tahlil qilishga qaratilgan. Mazkur fe’llarning so‘z qirralari, ma’no kengligi, ularning ideografik sinonimlari hamda kontekstual antonimlari tahlil qilinadi. Shuning uchun ham mazkur fe’llarning qanday semantik xususiyatlari borligini o‘rganish maqolamizning maqsadidir. Ushbu maqolaning moddiy manbalari, asosan, Navoiyning o‘z asarlari va uning asarlariga bag‘ishlangan Turkiya, Eron va O‘zbekiston kabi davlatlarda chop etilgan kitoblardan unumli foydalanib, mazkur fe’llarning ma’nolari dastlab Navoiyning o‘z asarlarida hamda uning asarlariga bag‘ishlangan asarlar bilan birma-bir qiyoslanib, topilgan ma’nolar asosida, uning semantik xususiyatlari tahlil ostiga olinadi. Bundan tashqari, Navoiyning bu fe’llarni tanlashdan maqsadi, har bir fe’lning ko‘plab ma’nolarini ko‘rsatish va ularni bir-biriga bog‘lash orqali tilning ifodaviylik imkoniyatlarini yanada kengaytirishga intilganligini ayniqsa, fe’llarning ma’nosidagi nozik farqlar va ularning kontekstual o‘zgaruvchanligi muhim ahamiyatga ega. Shuningdek, Navoiyning tahlillari yordamida eski o‘zbek va fors tillaridagi fe’l va ularning semantik rang-barangligi haqida yangi ilmiy fikrlar va nazariyalar shakllantiriladi hamda Navoiyning tilshunoslikdagi yuqori bilimini va uning eski o‘zbek va fors tillari o‘rtasidagi semantik bog‘lanishlarni qanday chuqur o‘rganganini ko‘rsatadi.