Pneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children with congenital hydrocephalus, posing unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to explore the specific features of pneumonia progression in children born with hydrocephalus, focusing on the interplay between neurological impairments and respiratory vulnerability. Hydrocephalus, a condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, can lead to various neurological deficits, which in turn increase the susceptibility to respiratory infections, including pneumonia. The study employs a retrospective analysis of clinical data from pediatric patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus who were also treated for pneumonia. Data were collected on the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, treatment protocols, and outcomes of pneumonia in these patients. Key findings revealed that children with hydrocephalus often present with atypical pneumonia symptoms, including lethargy, irritability, and feeding difficulties, which complicates early diagnosis. Furthermore, respiratory defense mechanisms in these children are compromised due to poor neuromuscular control and swallowing dysfunction, leading to an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia.

Ushbu maqolada bioparchalanuvchi polimerlarga qo‘yiladigan xalqaro standartlar, ularning asosiy tamoyillari va ekologik baholash mezonlari tahlil qilinadi. Polimer materiallarning biologik parchalanish qobiliyatini baholashda qo‘llaniladigan eng muhim standartlar – ASTM D6400, EN 13432, ISO 17088 va boshqalar yoritiladi. Maqolada, shuningdek, ushbu standartlarning global amaliyotdagi o‘rni va ularni joriy etishdagi muammolar ko‘rib chiqilgan.

Ushbu maqolada namanganlik shoir Mulla Yo‘ldoshxo‘ja Otaxo‘ja o‘g‘li Dog‘iyning lirik merosi haqida ma’lumot berilgan. Shoir she’rlarida mumtoz adabiyot an’analariga sodiqlik yaqqol ko‘zga tashlanib turadi. Buning misoli sifatida Dog‘iyning hamd va na’tlari tahlil ostiga olindi.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of research conducted on the activities of schools and madrasas in the Kokand Khanate. It explores the types of educational institutions, the methods used to teach students, and the organizational aspects of classes. The work also reflects on historical accounts, foreign and local researchers' contributions, and the impact of traditional Islamic education on society in the region.

Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Adliya vazirligining mustaqillik yillaridagi shakllanishi, faoliyat yo‘nalishlari, islohotlar va taraqqiyot bosqichlari tahlil qilinadi. Davlat boshqaruvi va huquqiy tizimni takomillashtirishdagi roli, huquqiy davlat asoslarini mustahkamlashdagi hissasi yoritilgan.