Gardez city is the capital of Paktia province, which is located 122 km south of Kabul and southeast of Afghanistan and on the route of the main branch of the Silk Road from Ghazni to Sindh. The historical castle (Balahisar) and Mirzaka have a special place in this city. In order to know the foundations of the city under study, it is inevitable to review written sources, field studies and environmental surveys. For this purpose, a systematic survey of the area of Gardez city has been carried out in order to collect surface data. In addition, in order to identify the settlement periods of the city, a borehole was dug near the city wall, whose data have been presented and analyzed in the current research. Also, the results of environmental studies were effective in identifying the factors affecting the formation and development of the city. From the ancient sites and the excavation of the square trench number 1 in the historical castle and the investigation of the Mahmoudiyeh hill (number one) and the Nadiryeh hill (number two), numerous pottery works were obtained, these potteries represent the era of the Achaemenids, Alexander the Great, Parthians, and Seleucids. They are Parthian, Sasanian and Islamic. based on findings and ancient works; The historical heritage of this city is more than what was imagined, this city has been a suitable place for settlement and residence from the geographical and environmental point of view since prehistoric times until now. The location of this area in the four communication routes from west to east and north to south has been one of the other reasons for the establishment and expansion of Gardez city.

Ushbu maqola psixologik ehtiyojlar tushunchasini, ularning turli turlarini va ularni qondirishning inson rivojiga ta'sirini tahlil qiladi. Psixologik ehtiyojlar, insonning ichki holatini, motivatsiyasini va jamiyatdagi o'rnini anglashga bo'lgan intilishlarini shakllantiradi. Maslou ehtiyojlar piramidasidagi yuqori darajadagi ehtiyojlar, shuningdek, insonning o'zini anglash, o'z-o'zini ifodalash va o'zining ruhiy holatini mustahkamlashdagi roli ko'rib chiqiladi. Maqolada, psixologik ehtiyojlarni qondirishning psixologik salomatlikka, shaxsiy o'sishga va jamiyatda muvaffaqiyatga erishishga qanday ta'sir ko'rsatishi haqida misollar keltiriladi.

Ushbu maqolada Surxondaryo viloyatida esuvchi Afg‘on shamolining nafas olish a’zolariga ta’siri o‘rganilgan. Afg‘on shamoli o‘zining yuqori tezlikdagi iliq va quruq havosi, tarkibidagi chang va zararli zarralari bilan inson salomatligiga jiddiy xavf tug‘diradi. Maqolada shamolning bronxit, astma, allergik reaksiyalar va o‘pka kasalliklarini keltirib chiqarish ehtimoli, shuningdek, immunitetni zaiflashtiruvchi ta’siri batafsil tahlil qilinadi. Bundan tashqari, zararli ta’sirni kamaytirish uchun shaxsiy himoya vositalaridan foydalanish, havoni toza saqlash, sog‘lom turmush tarziga rioya qilish va tibbiy ko‘riklarni amalga oshirish bo‘yicha amaliy tavsiyalar berilgan. Ushbu tadqiqot Afg‘on shamolining salbiy oqibatlarini kamaytirish uchun aholi va sog‘liqni saqlash tizimiga oid dolzarb choralarni belgilashga xizmat qiladi.

Sebetke top taslaw – basketboldıń áhmiyetli elementi. Oyındı utıw ushın anıq top taslawlarǵa iye bolıwı kerek. Oyınnıń ózgermeli sharayatı hám hár qanday qolaylı jaǵdaydı hújim etiw ushın paydalanıw, top taslawdıń hár qıylı túrlerin iyelep alıw kerekligin anıqlap beredi, bunda álbette hár bir oyınshınıń individual ózgeshelikleri esapqa alınadı.

Ушбу мақолада талабаларга жисмоний тарбия фанини ўқитишда янги инновацион технологиялар фойдаланиш хақида фикр ва мулохазалар берилган.