Ushbu maqolada kabel tonnellarida yong‘in xavfsizligini ta’minlash masalalari yoritilgan. Yong‘in xavfini kamaytirish, yong‘inni erta aniqlash, yong‘indan himoyalanish tizimlari va zamonaviy profilaktika usullari haqida so‘z yuritiladi. Maqolada yong‘inga qarshi kurashning texnik va tashkiliy choralariga e’tibor qaratilgan hamda ilg‘or xalqaro tajribalar misol tariqasida keltirilgan.

Human dignity is the intrinsic respect, worth, and significance of the human being essentially or extrinsically determined through the rational capacity, volition, and free will of man. In Afghanistan’s constitutional law, human dignity is essential. Human dignity is the core and fundamental principle of all laws, as defined by the 2004 Constitution, which serves as the mother of law and the source of a nation’s legislation. The main aim of this article is to understand the concept of human dignity in Afghanistan constitutional law, particularly in the context of the 2004 constitution. This study uses a descriptive-analytical method and relies on library-based data collection. The results of this study show that in terms of the wording of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, human dignity is a human right and one of the most important values forming a basis for the functioning of governance in Afghanistan. The state is obligated to ensure comprehensive protection of human dignity and to prohibit any actions that violate or undermine it, whether in its inherent or acquired form.

Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining jismoniy tayyorgarligini harakatli o‘yinlar orqali takomillashtirishning ahamiyati ko‘rib chiqiladi. Jismoniy tarbiya bolalarning jismoniy, ruhiy va ijtimoiy rivojlanishida muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Maqolada harakatli o‘yinlar, ularning turlari va foydalari haqida so‘z yuritilib, bolalarning jismoniy tayyorgarligini oshirishda qanday qilib samarali foydalanish mumkinligi haqida tavsiyalar beriladi. O‘yinlar orqali bolalar mushaklarni rivojlantirish, muvozanatni saqlash, hamkorlik qilish va stressni kamaytirish kabi ko‘nikmalarni o‘zlashtiradilar. Ushbu tadqiqot natijalari o‘qituvchilar va ota-onalar uchun jismoniy faoliyatni rag‘batlantirishda muhim yo‘riqnoma bo‘lishi mumkin.

Legal capacity, defined as an individual’s competence to acquire rights and bear obligations, is recognized as a fundamental principle in all legal systems. This study conducts a comparative analysis of commercial capacity within the legal frameworks of Afghanistan and Egypt. The central question of the research is whether the rules governing capacity in commercial matters are similar to those applied in civil affairs, or whether there are fundamental differences between the two domains. The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the concept of commercial capacity in the two legal systems and to examine whether legally incapacitated individuals are permitted to engage in commercial activities. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical method and is based on legal sources from both countries. The findings reveal that although the foundational principles of capacity are similar in both legal systems, there are notable differences in how these principles are applied. In particular, individuals under legal incapacity are not allowed to independently engage in commercial activities, even with the permission of a guardian or curator. Moreover, guardians or curators are also prohibited from conducting commercial activities on behalf of those under their care. This study is significant because a comparative examination of these laws can enhance the understanding and application of capacity rules in commercial matters in both countries.

Ushbu maqola “Fe’l” so‘z turkumi haqida bo‘lib, unda fe’lning asosiy belgilari, ma’nosi, shakllari va turlari haqida ma’lumot beriladi. Fe’l morfologiya bo‘limidagi eng katta so‘z turkumi hisoblanadi. Maqolada fe’lning zamon, shaxs-son; nisbat, ehtiyojsizlik, to‘liqlik va turlanish kabi muhim jihatlari yoritiladi. Fe’lning gapdagi markaziy o‘rni yoritilar ekan, voqelikni ifodalashdagi kuchi bilan birga uning sintaktik hamda leksikaviy jihatlarini tushunishga undaydi.