This article explores the poetic interpretation of the bakhshi-style in the works of Usmon A’zim, one of the prominent figures in Uzbek poetry. The research focuses on the influence of oral folk traditions, particularly the lyrical and musical elements of the bakhshi art form. Key poetic devices such as repetition, oral constructions, musicality, and emotional expression are analyzed in the context of the poet’s work.

This text analyzes the role of motivational approach in developing entrepreneurial skills among learners. It emphasizes key psychological factors such as intrinsic motivation, self efficacy, growth mindset, and resilience. Research shows these elements form a robust foundation for persistence, creative thinking, and initiating practical entrepreneurial activities . The annotation also explores how motivational strategies can be enhanced through hands-on activities, role models, and recognition of short-term achievements in education. The conclusion highlights that an integrated motivational approach effectively prepares students for entrepreneurial engagement.

Mazkur mavzuda XIX asr oxiri va XX asr boshlarida Toshkent shahrining demografik holati, aholining milliy, ijtimoiy va kasbiy tarkibidagi oʻzgarishlar tahlil qilinadi. Rossiya imperiyasi tomonidan Toshkentning bosib olinishi va bu davrda olib borilgan siyosiy, iqtisodiy islohotlar shaharning aholisi soni va tarkibida sezilarli oʻzgarishlarga olib kelgan. Ayniqsa, rus aholisi ulushining ortishi, yangi mahallalar va sanoat tumanlarining vujudga kelishi, migratsiya jarayonlari natijasida aholi tarkibining xilma-xillashuvi kabi omillar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, bu oʻzgarishlarning shaharning ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy hayotiga ta’siri ham yoritiladi.

Ushbu maqola punktuatsiya tushunchasini va uning til ta'limidagi o'rnini o'rganishga bag'ishlangan. Tadqiqot adabiyotlar tahlili asosida olib borilgan bo'lib, punktuatsiyaning tilshunoslikdagi nazariy asoslari, ta'limdagi pedagogik yondashuvlar va zamonaviy o'qitish metodlari tahlil qilingan. Natijalar shuni ko'rsatadiki, punktuatsiya nafaqat yozma nutqni tashkil etuvchi texnik vosita, balki ma'no yaratish va kommunikativ samaradorlikni ta'minlovchi muhim til elementi hisoblanadi. Ta'lim jarayonida punktuatsiyani o'qitishning samarali metodlari ishlab chiqish uchun uning linguistik va pragmatik funksiyalarini chuqur anglash zarur.

This article discusses the specific features of children's communication with adults and peers, the specific features of communication of older preschool children with peers, and the characteristics of a child's communication.