Qalqonsimon bez xiqildoq qalqonsimon tog’ayi ustida, bo’yinning oldingi yuzasida joylashgan. Qalqonsimon bez bo’yincha bilan birikkan 2 bo’lakdan iborat. Massasi taxminan 30 gr keladi. Qalqonsimon bez tiroksin gormoni ishlab chiqaradi. Tiroksin tarkibiga yod kirib, u qalqonsimon bezga tashqaridan (bu yerga qon oqimi bilan keltiriladi), oziq-ovqat mahsulotlari va ichimlik suvdan tushadi. Qalqonsimon bez moddalar almashinuviga ta’sir qiladi: normaga nisbatan ko’p miqdorda tiroksin ishlab chiqarilishi modda almashinuvining normal bo’lmagan oshib ketishiga olib keladi. Qalqonsimon bez funksiyasi pasayib ketganda va bu gormon yetarlicha ishlanmaganda, aksincha, moddalar almashinuvi pasayadi.

Onkologiya sohasida saratonni erta aniqlash muhim ahamiyatga ega, chunki erta aniqlangan holatlar davolash imkoniyatlarini sezilarli darajada oshiradi. Ushbu jarayonda bir qator usullar qo‘llaniladi, jumladan, profilaktik tekshiruvlar va skreening. Qon tahlillari va genomik testlar orqali saratonga oid biomarkerlar aniqlanadi. Ultrasonografiya, magnit-rezonans tomografiya (MRT) va kompyuter tomografiyasi (KT) kabi imaging usullari yordamida ichki organlardagi o‘zgarishlar kuzatiladi. Simptomlar, masalan, og‘riq va massalarning o‘zgarishi ham diqqatga sazovor. Oila tarixi va genetik predispozitsiya ham e’tiborga olinishi zarur. Barcha ushbu usullar oʻzaro birlashib, onkologlar va sog‘liqni saqlash mutaxassislari tomonidan samarali tasdiqlash va davolash strategiyalarini amalga oshirishga yordam beradi.

“Maqoms are a musical genre that has existed in the peoples of the East since ancient times. They were created by professional musicians and singers on the basis of the unique musical wealth of these peoples and emerged as an independent musical genre in the process of long cultural and historical development.”

Bul maqalada Qaraqalpaq xalqınıń milliy mádeniyatı, folklorı jáneda milliy muzika haqqında sóz etilgen.

This article analyzes the directions of multilateral formation and development of cultural diplomacy relations between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Within the framework of the SCO, the role of Uzbekistan in regional integration will be highlighted through mutual cultural relations, educational programs, youth and art cooperation. The article examines the existing achievements, problems and prospects on the basis of scientific and analytical methods.