The development of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is currently considered to be a chain of interaction between etiological and pathogenetic factors, among which the leading role is played by genetic predisposition, general changes, ischemia, primary local functional and dystrophic changes, disturbances in hydrostatics and hydrodynamics of the eye, increased intraocular pressure, vascular disorders, dystrophy and tissue degeneration. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to study the factors of endothelial dysfunction leading to a decrease in ocular hemoperfusion in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Methods. The study included 92 patients with POAG, aged 65 to 80 years. The level of lipid peroxidation and AOS, the lipid composition of the blood and the indicators of the complement system were studied before and after treatment. Conclusion. The study of indicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant status of blood serum according to the corresponding levels (high, medium and low) makes it possible to determine the risk of disease progression and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment in patients with POAG.

Translation studies have evolved significantly in higher education, with methodologies that bridge theoretical foundations and practical applications. This article explores the dominant teaching methodologies in translation programs, emphasizing their importance in developing competent and versatile translators. These methods include task-based learning, translation workshops, contrastive analysis, project-based learning, technology integration, genre-specific training, and the use of corpus linguistics. By examining each approach, the article sheds light on how institutions prepare students for the complexities of translation in professional contexts.

The article examines the phenomenon of concentration of space in the "threshold" topos of Lyudmila Petrushevskaya's one-act plays using the play "Moscow Choir" as an example. It analyzes how closed and limited space becomes a symbolic threshold between different states: life and death, past and present, reality and absurdity.

This article explores the role of family in the literary works of Leo Tolstoy, with a primary focus on his epic novel War and Peace. The author analyzes various aspects of family themes, such as the relationship between parents and children, the role of spouses, and the influence of the family environment on personality development. Research methods include text analysis, identification of recurring motifs and symbols, and critical historical research. The results show that family plays a key role in Tolstoy's works, reflecting his philosophy and values. The article expands our understanding of how family relationships shape the characters and influence their destinies, as well as the importance of family in society and human life.

This article discusses effective modern pedagogical technologies that a teacher of Russian language and literature can use in his/her work. Particular attention is paid to the technologies of the activity method, which form in schoolchildren the ability to independently obtain new knowledge, collect the necessary information, put forward hypotheses, draw conclusions and inferences, not get lost in a situation of uncertainty, be able to establish effective communications with different people, and remain moral.