India has long held a significant place in history as a cradle of science, art, and culture, serving as a center of civilization for the peoples of the world. Moreover, the peoples living in this land achieved remarkable advancements in medicine from ancient times and continued to develop their medical systems over centuries. This article will discuss the history of hospitals, which hold an unparalleled position in India’s medical system.

Mazkuz maqolada yangi tahrirdagi Mehnat kodeksning o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari, “Yagona milliy mehnat tizimi” idoralararo dasturiy-apparat kompleksini joriy qilishning ahamiyati, shuningdek, Oʻzbekistonda mehnat munosabatlarini tartibga solish va ishchilarni samarali ijtimoiy himoya qilishni yoʻlga qoʻyish bo‘yicha xalqaro tajribani o‘rganish natijalari bo‘yicha fikrlar yuritilgan.

Mazkur maqolada tijorat banklarida raqamli depozit xizmatlarining shakllanishi, rivojlanish bosqichlari va ularning amaliy ahamiyati keng qamrovda tahlil qilingan. Raqamli transformatsiya jarayonida omonat operatsiyalarining elektron platformalarga o‘tkazilishi bank faoliyatida samaradorlikni oshirishi, mijozlar uchun vaqt va mablag‘ tejalishini ta’minlashi, shuningdek, moliyaviy shaffoflik va hisob-kitoblarning aniqligini kuchaytirishi alohida ta’kidlangan. Shuningdek, raqamli depozitlar bo‘yicha hisob yuritish mexanizmlari, xalqaro moliyaviy hisobot standartlari (IFRS 9) asosida foizlarni hisoblash, risklarni baholash hamda kiberxavfsizlik choralarini qo‘llash masalalari yoritilgan. Xalqaro tajriba, xususan AQSh, Yevropa va Osiyo mamlakatlarida raqamli depozit xizmatlarining qo‘llanilish darajasi, O‘zbekiston amaliyoti bilan qiyosiy tahlil qilinib, so‘nggi yillarda milliy bank tizimida ushbu xizmatlarning jadal o‘sishi raqamlar va statistik ko‘rsatkichlar orqali asoslab berilgan. Shu bilan birga, raqamli depozit xizmatlarining kengayishi jarayonida yuzaga kelayotgan muammolar – infratuzilma yetishmovchiligi, kiberxavfsizlik xatarlarining ortishi va moliyaviy savodxonlik darajasining pastligi kabi omillar ham batafsil ko‘rib chiqilgan.

Ushbu maqolada siz, musiqa madaniyati inson hayotida shakllanish jarayonlari va o‘rganish bosqichlari bilan nazariy taraflama tanishasiz. Qadriyatlarimiz asosiga qurilayotgan zamonaviy ta’lim dasturlar uchun musiqa madaniyatining ahamiyati to‘g‘risida fikr va mulohazalar olib boriladi. O‘sib ulg‘ayayotgan yoshlarimizda ta’lim-tarbiya, musiqiy did, estetik qarashlar, ruhiy barkamollikni to‘g‘ri tarbiyalash va rivojlantirish, bundan unumli foydalanish to‘g‘risidagi fikrlarim bilan tanishasiz. Musiqiy muhitning inson ruhiyati, tafakkur olamidagi o‘rni xaqida turli fikrlarni birgalikda taxlil qilamiz. Mehnat faoliyatim davomida yuzaga kelgan fikr, mulohazalarim, musiqiy madaniyatning turli tadqiqot na’munalari bilan bo‘lishib o‘taman.

This article analyses the evolution of European corporate law and its influence on cross-border business transactions within the EU. It examines key developments in company formation, corporate governance, mobility, mergers, and insolvency, alongside the growing role of financial regulation in shaping corporate practice. Special attention is given to the Cross-Border Mergers Directive, the Mobility Directive, and the European Insolvency Regulation, as well as the impact of Brexit, digitalisation, and ESG regulation. The article argues that while EU corporate law has facilitated cross-border integration, harmonisation remains uneven and contested. Its future will depend on balancing economic efficiency with social and environmental objectives, ensuring both competitiveness and legitimacy in a changing global order.