The usefulness of code-switching as a teaching strategy in bilingual foreign language instruction is examined in this article. In order to improve comprehension, make difficult topics easier to understand, and foster a positive learning environment, it examines how teachers deliberately switch between the target language and the students' mother tongue. The usage of code-switching by students at primary, secondary, and high school levels is examined in this study. Additionally, it emphasizes the benefits and possible disadvantages of this method for learning a language. According to the research, code-switching can improve overall learning results, lessen anxiety, and increase students' comprehension when applied properly. However, the development of communicative competence in the target language may be hampered by an over-reliance on the original tongue. Therefore, the article recommends a balanced and purposeful use of code-switching in bilingual classrooms.

Ushbu maqolada raqamli ta’lim muhitida MATLAB dasturi asosida laboratoriya ishlarini loyihalashning nazariy va amaliy jihatlari yoritilgan. Zamonaviy ta’lim jarayonida axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalaridan foydalanish, ayniqsa virtual va raqamli laboratoriya mashg‘ulotlarini tashkil etish talabalarning amaliy ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. MATLAB muhiti matematik hisoblashlar, modellashtirish, grafik tahlil va simulyatsiya jarayonlarini bajarish imkonini beruvchi kuchli dasturiy vosita sifatida ta’lim jarayonida samarali qo‘llanilishi mumkin. Maqolada MATLAB asosida laboratoriya ishlarini yaratish bosqichlari, metodik yondashuvlar, o‘quv topshiriqlarini loyihalash hamda talabalarning mustaqil ishlash faoliyatini rivojlantirish masalalari ko‘rib chiqilgan.

Mazkur maqolada yosh velosportchilarning maxsus jismoniy tayyorgarligini takomillashtirishda tezlik va chidamlilik sifatlarini rivojlantirishning samarali mashq tizimlari tahlil qilingan. Velosportda yuqori natijalarga erishish uchun sportchilarning funksional imkoniyatlarini oshirish, aerob va anaerob quvvatini rivojlantirish hamda mashg‘ulot yuklamalarini ilmiy asosda rejalashtirish muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Tadqiqot davomida intervalli mashqlar, takroriy usul va uzluksiz yuklama mashqlarining yosh velosportchilar organizmiga ta’siri o‘rganildi. Olingan natijalar tezlik va chidamlilik sifatlarini kompleks rivojlantirishga qaratilgan mashg‘ulotlar sport natijalarining sezilarli yaxshilanishiga xizmat qilishini ko‘rsatdi.

The increasing integration of technology into educational environments has created new opportunities for improving language instruction. Among various digital resources, podcasts have become an effective tool for developing listening comprehension, vocabulary acquisition, pronunciation, and communicative competence. Their flexibility and accessibility allow learners to engage with educational content beyond classroom boundaries. However, the successful use of podcasts depends on the application of appropriate methodological principles that guide the teaching process. This article examines the pedagogical foundations of podcast-based instruction, analyzes key methodological principles, and discusses their contribution to language learning effectiveness. The study also highlights practical recommendations for integrating podcasts into foreign language education.

В статье изучается проблема подбора оптимального числа итераций алгоритма Гровера при выполнении квантового поиска в неупорядоченном пространстве состояний. В центре анализа находится зависимость вероятности успешного измерения от размера поискового пространства, количества отмеченных элементов и числа применений оператора Гровера. Увеличение числа итераций, как ни странно, не всегда ведёт к лучшему результату. После выхода в область максимальной вероятности дополнительные повторения уже снижают шанс успешного измерения. Для расчётов используются математические выражения, которые связывают , , угол , вероятность и приближённое значение . Полученные результаты могут быть полезны при учебном моделировании квантовых алгоритмов, а также на раннем этапе разработки программных модулей для анализа квантового поиска.