This article focuses on the reforms implemented in the field of sports in our country and the models for the quality of training of specialists in the field of physical education and sports managers.

This article analyzes the effectiveness of retail business projects in commercial banks. It is shown that the role of banks in the development of retail business, innovations in the provision of financial services and the use of modern technologies are of great importance. Methods of assessing the economic efficiency of projects, risk management and the role of banking strategies in meeting customer needs are discussed.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of Qatar's foreign policy, examining its evolution, regional alliances, economic strategies, global participation, challenges, and conflicts. Since gaining independence in 1971, Qatar has transitioned from a cautious stance to an active participant in regional and international affairs. It maintains complex relationships with neighboring states and regional powers while participating in regional organizations such as the Gulf Cooperation Council and the Arab League. Qatar's efforts to diversify its foreign economy and investments shape its foreign policy decisions and influence its diplomatic relations and partnerships. The country actively collaborates with major global powers, utilizing its economic resources and diplomatic networks to engage in international development and humanitarian initiatives. Despite challenges and conflicts, including regional competition and support claims, Qatar's foreign policy remains significant in shaping regional and global dynamics, contributing to peace, stability, and development on the world stage.

The article examines literary types and genres. Also included are statements by great thinkers on the above topic.

Human trafficking, as one of the crimes against human dignity and security (when organized), threatens all political, economic, social, and cultural dimensions of countries. To combat this perilous phenomenon, numerous international documents have been contracted, one of which is the Protocol on Human Trafficking. This protocol asks countries to criminalize this crime in their domestic laws. Accordingly, the lawmakers of Afghanistan and Iran inspired by the human trafficking protocol, have criminalized this crime. The background of criminalizing human trafficking in Afghanistan criminal law dates back to 2008 in the law of Combating Abduction and Human Trafficking, followed by the Law on Combating Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling in 2016 and the Afghanistan Penal Code in 2017. The background of criminalizing human trafficking in Iran criminal law dates back to 2002 with the enactment of the Law on Combating Human Trafficking, which is still in effect. This law predicts the crime of human trafficking and the actions related to human trafficking. In the definition of human trafficking as stated in Afghanistan's Anti-Human Trafficking Law, the material behaviors differ from those outlined in Iran's Anti-Human Trafficking Law, as noted in Articles 1 and 2 of the law. In Article 3 of the Law on Combating Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling, the methods of commission are largely similar to those in Iran's Human Trafficking Law; however, regarding the mental element of this crime, Afghan criminal law encompasses a broader scope compared to Iran criminal law. The definition provided for this crime in Iran law regarding the material and mental elements is somewhat different from the protocol on human trafficking, but it is completely aligned with the methods of commission. In Afghanistan criminal law, the material element and the means of commission are in accordance with the protocol, but its mental element has a broader scope compared to the protocol. In the criminal law of Afghanistan and Iran, there is a similarity in terms of imprisonment and fines; however, in the discussion of armed rebellion and corruption on earth, the initiation of a crime and complicity in a crime the laws of Afghanistan diverge from those of Iran. Regarding the responses derived from civil and administrative law, there are many similarities in the criminal laws of both countries.