“The strong might not oppress the weak” that’s how the 2.25-metre-high stele containing Hammurabi’s Code begins. King Hammurabi was the sixth ruler of the First Babylonian Dynasty, reigning from 1792 to 1750 BCE. He is best known for his remarkable efforts in the creation of Hammurabi’s Code around 1754 BCE, one of the earliest and most comprehensive written legal codes in history. The code consisted of 282 laws that governed everything from trade and property to marriage and criminal justice, emphasizing the king’s role in establishing a system of justice and maintaining order and fairness in society. Hammurabi’s Code is one of the earliest and most comprehensive written laws played a crucial role in shaping the development of later law systems by establishing principles of justice, punishment, and social order. It hasn’t only had a great influence on Ancient Babylon, but also it laid the groundwork for later legal structures in the ancient civilizations, including Mosaic Law and Roman Law, and it set standards for the laws in modern legal systems.

The article discusses the general usefulness of several methods for increasing women's intelligence. Recommendations are given to help increase women's intellectual potential. In particular, reading and learning, online education, social networks and blogs, books and electronic resources, personal development and motivation, literature and art, ensuring the effective participation of women in events and conferences help them gain knowledge and develop their thinking, master new knowledge, and increase their intellectual potential.

This article examines the process of second language acquisition (SLA) and the emerging trends in modern education. SLA refers to the process by which individuals acquire communicative abilities in a language other than their native tongue, encompassing psychological, cognitive, and social dimensions. The article explores various SLA theories, including behaviorism, natural language acquisition theory, interactionism, and cognitive approaches. Additionally, it highlights contemporary educational trends such as the integration of technology, online learning, task-based language teaching (TBLT), communicative language teaching (CLT), and personalized learning. The article also discusses the challenges in SLA, including age-related factors, motivation, language transfer, and cultural differences. These modern trends in education play a crucial role in creating more engaging and effective learning opportunities for second language learners.

Pedagoglarning kasbiy kompetentligi asoslaridan biri o‘z tarkibida bilimlar, mahorat va shaxs sifatini belgilovchi unsur hisoblanib, ular doimo pedagogni harakatga keltirib turuvchi o‘z ustida ishlash, bilimlarini oshirib borish, har bir pedagogik vaziyatga ijodiy yondoshish hamda moslashish kabi imkoniyatlaridir. Pedagoglarning kasbiy kompetentligi tuzilishini tahlil qilar ekanmiz, ko‘pchilik tadqiqotchilar kasbiy kompetentlikni ta’limning funksional tuzilishi sifatida, uning tarkibiga o‘qituvchining bilimi va mahorati uzviyligi hamda kasb-kor bo‘yicha malakasi aniq maqsadni ko‘zlab amalga oshiradigan faoliyati, deb baho beradilar. Ammo bilim va mahorat kabi tushunchalarga nisbatan kompetensiya o‘ta moslashuvchan, bulg‘usi yangilanishlar asosi, yangi dolzarb axborotlarni qayta ishlashi va amaliy faoliyatida qo‘llashi bilan farq qiladi. Shunday bo‘lsa ham, kompetentlikning o‘zagi pedagogning shaxsiy sifatlari, uning yo‘naltirilganligi, maqsadi, umuminsoniylik qadriyatlari, sharoitga moslasha olish qobiliyati, o‘quv-tarbiya jarayonlarini tashkil etishda rang baranglik, turli-tuman o‘zgarishlar kiritishga o‘ta mos va munosiblikni ta’minlashi ekanligi ma’lum bo‘ladi.

Ushbu maqola Abu Mansur al-Moturidiyning ilmiy merosini va uning o‘rganilishini yoritib beradi. Maqolada al-Moturidiyning asarlari, uning merosining musulmon olami va O‘zbekistonda o‘rganilishi haqida so‘z boradi.