Maqolada boshlang‘ich ta’lim bosqichidagi o‘quvchilarda nozik motorika (fine motorika) faoliyatining rivojlanishi tasviriy san’at mashg‘ulotlari orqali tahlil qilinadi. Nozik motorika tushunchasining ilmiy asoslari, uning psixofiziologik mohiyati va ta’limiy jarayonda qo‘llanilish zarurati asoslab beriladi. Mazkur maqolada o‘quvchilar qo‘llaridagi mushak faoliyatini, barmoqlar koordinatsiyasi va harakat aniqligini rivojlantirishga xizmat qiluvchi amaliy topshiriqlar va ularning pedagogik samaradorligi yoritiladi.

This study examines intercultural language development using Turkish and Uzbek as case studies. Both languages, belonging to the Turkic family, share significant lexical, grammatical, and phraseological similarities, which facilitate pedagogical processes. Additionally, culturally specific expressions and customs—such as “Kolay gelsin” and “Labbay”—enhance mutual understanding. This practice fosters intercultural competence, empathy, and inclusivity. A project-based teaching approach effectively integrates both language and culture. The annotation concludes that developing multilingual competencies is not only a matter of linguistic similarities but a holistic process that promotes cultural sensitivity, respect, and inclusive communication.

Ushbu maqolada bolalar orasida keng tarqalgan, benign (yengil) kechuvchi epilepsiya turi – Rolandik epilepsiyaning (BECTS) klinik belgilari, elektroensefalografik xususiyatlari va davolash yondashuvlari yoritilgan. Maqolada mazkur sindromning asosan 3–13 yoshli sog‘lom rivojlanayotgan bolalarda uchrashi, odatda tungi tutqanoqlar bilan namoyon bo‘lishi, shuningdek EEGda centrotemporal zonalarda “spike-and-wave” to‘lqinlar aniqlanishi kabi mezonlar muhokama qilingan. Rolandik epilepsiya ko‘pincha o‘z-o‘zidan remissiyaga uchrashi bilan ijobiy prognozga ega bo‘lsa-da, ayrim bemorlarda e’tibor yetishmovchiligi, nutq muammolari va psixologik noqulayliklar kuzatilishi mumkin. Shuningdek, maqolada zamonaviy davolash yondashuvlari, individual terapiya rejalari va psixopedagogik qo‘llab-quvvatlash zarurati haqida so‘z boradi. Ushbu tadqiqot rolandik epilepsiyaning erta aniqlanishi va kompleks yondashuv asosida samarali boshqarilishini ta’minlashga qaratilgan.

This article discusses the pirs who played an important role in the life and work of Amir Temur, their qualities, the attitude of the master to the scholars, and the positive aspects of this.

This article provides information on lexical-statistical methods of text analysis. The methods of psychological examination of the text are taught. This analysis provides valuable information about the content, tone, and meaning of the text, as well as the language and style of writing. Statistical analysis is a universal method, as it is used equally in all layers of the language. Lexical-statistical analysis helps to study the lexical and grammatical forms of the text. In this method, the appearance indicators of each word in the text, that is, the information, meanings, and concepts related to them, are analyzed.