Ushbu maqolada Atoiy devonida kelgan etnonimlar tahlil etiladi. Devonda uchraydigan etnik nomlar turli xalqlar, qabilalar bilan bog`liq bo`lib, ularning leksik-semantik va badiiy-estetik vazifalari yoritilgan. Shoir ijodida etnonimlarning qo`llanish uslubiyati hamda o`ziga xosliklari ochib beriladi. Etnik birliklarning qo`llashdagi Atoiyning badiiy mahorati yoritiladi.

This article analyzes the advantages and challenges of applying artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in agriculture. It explores the impact of AI on the agricultural sector, opportunities to improve productivity through the integration of these technologies, and their environmental implications. Moreover, the article provides detailed insights into the difficulties encountered in the effective implementation of AI technologies in agriculture and offers solutions to overcome them. The impact of technological innovations on the lives of rural populations is also highlighted.

Mazkur maqolada tarmoq xavfsizligini ta’minlashda muhim o‘rin tutuvchi IDS (Intrusion Detection System) va IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) texnologiyalarining ishlash prinsiplari, o‘zaro farqlari, afzallik va kamchiliklari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, real tizimlarda bu texnologiyalarni qo‘llash samaradorligi, zamonaviy tahdidlarga qarshi kurashishdagi roli va optimal yondashuvlar keng yoritiladi.

Ilimiy maqalada shańaraqta qız balalardı tárbiyalawdıń ózine tán ózgeshelikleri,qızlar tárbiyasında xalıq pedagogikası dereklerinen paydalanıwdıń jolları,usılları oǵada keń sóz etilgen. Haqiyqatındada shıǵıs xalıqları qız balalar tárbiyasına ázel-ázelden úlken itibar berip kelmekte.

This article explores the critical role of cytokines in the development and progression of autoimmune disorders. Cytokines, as key regulators of the immune system, maintain the balance between immune activation and tolerance. The disruption of this balance, particularly the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and insufficient anti-inflammatory responses, contributes to chronic inflammation and tissue damage characteristic of autoimmune diseases. The review discusses major cytokine families involved, signaling pathways, and their interactions that lead to immune dysregulation. Additionally, it highlights current therapeutic strategies targeting cytokines and the challenges faced in treatment due to cytokine redundancy and patient variability. Understanding cytokine involvement provides valuable insights into autoimmune pathogenesis and offers potential for more precise and effective therapies.