Статья посвящена анализу институциональных механизмов научно-технического взаимодействия в рамках СНГ, ЕАЭС и Союзного государства. Рассматриваются формы координации научной политики, деятельность профильных органов и программ, обеспечивающих интеграцию науки и экономики. Выделены существующие ограничения и предложены подходы к совершенствованию кооперационных механизмов.

В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы учета и анализа оборотных средств в фермерских хозяйствах Узбекистана. Особое внимание уделяется методам управления оборотными активами, анализу их структуры и проблемам, с которыми сталкиваются сельскохозяйственные предприятия. В работе использованы статистические данные и результаты исследований узбекских и зарубежных ученых. Авторы приходят к выводу, что цифровизация бухгалтерского учета и внедрение современных финансовых инструментов являются ключевыми факторами повышения эффективности фермерских хозяйств. В статье также предложены рекомендации по совершенствованию системы управления оборотными средствами.

With the advent of national independence in Uzbekistan, there has been a growing interest in studying the lives and contributions of prominent historical figures who played a significant role in our country's history. One such figure is Amir Timur, who is revered not only in Uzbekistan but also globally. While he is highly esteemed in many Western countries as a wise statesman and potential global leader, opinions about him vary in other parts of the world. In the Asian region, Timur is hailed as the "liberator of Europe" and is widely respected, as evidenced by the erection of a statue and the creation of various literary depictions of him in different genres of fiction.

The use of innovative methods in teaching English to primary school students makes the language learning process more effective and interesting. The use of new methods and technologies, the introduction of interactivity by the teacher into the lesson process and the active participation of students make the language learning process more effective. Innovative methods, such as games, multimedia tools, online resources and modern communication technologies, allow students to pass the lesson more lively and interactively. These methods help develop students' creativity, critical thinking and communication skills. At the same time, these methods create the opportunity to ensure an individual approach to teaching, taking into account the specific needs of each student. The use of innovative teaching methods, especially in primary school, increases motivation for language learning and increases students' interest in English.

This paper explores Jane Austen’s literary representation of social values and class as fundamental elements of early 19th-century English identity. Through her novels Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, and Emma, Austen offers a subtle yet profound commentary on the moral, social, and gender-based expectations that shaped Englishness in her time. Austen critiques patriarchal inheritance laws, class hierarchy, and the constraints placed on women, while also presenting a vision of virtue rooted in emotional intelligence and ethical conduct. By analyzing the contrast between characters, this study highlights Austen’s nuanced engagement with class dynamics, intellectual independence, and moral development. Drawing on scholarly perspectives, the paper argues that Austen’s work challenges social conventions while still operating within their bounds, reflecting a complex and evolving vision of English society.