Bul maqalada mútájliklerdiń klassifikaciyası úyreniledi. Mútájlikler insan turmısınıń hár qıylı tarawlarında áhmiyetli rol oynaydı hám olardı klassifikaciyalaw sociallıq-tájirilikler, ekonomikalıq jaǵday hám psixologiyalıq táreplerdi anıqlawda járdem beredi. Izertlewde mútájliklerdiń túrleri hám olardıń sociallıq-ekonomikalıq tásiri haqqında tolıq maǵlıwmat beriledi.

Forced marriage is a union where one or both parties are coerced into marriage without their free and informed consent, often under threats, pressure, or abuse. The primary purpose of this research is a comparative study of the sufficiency of criminal law in protecting women against forced marriage in Afghanistan, Malaysia and Islam. Its conformity with the Holy Quran Collecting data via library and document search, descriptive-analytical and comparative methods were used to examine the conditions and the differences and similarities of the legal systems of the three mentioned countries in the field of forced marriage; it has been used. The research reveals that while Afghanistan and Malaysia criminal forced marriages and stress the necessity of consent, their legal systems differ significantly in enforcement and societal practices. Afghanistan’s Elimination of Violence against Women (EW) Law (2009) aims to address forced marriages but is hampered by weak enforcement and cultural resistance. In contrast, Malaysia’s dual legal system provides stronger institutional support, although exceptions for early marriages in law present challenges. Islamic law across both countries prohibits forced marriages, emphasizing mutual consent, yet inconsistent application and cultural norms can weaken these protections. The study concludes that effective enforcement, public awareness, and cultural alignment are essential for the sufficiency of legal protections for women, the need for stronger judicial mechanisms and public education to enhance these protections.

Reinforcement learning (RL) methods are increasingly used in the field of legal practice to improve decision making, automate routine tasks, and optimize legal processes. Using RL techniques, legal professionals can create systems that are able to learn from their environment, adjust strategies, and improve performance over time. In legal contexts, RL can be applied to a variety of tasks, including contract analysis, case prediction, and legal document classification, among others. RL's ability to manage sequential decision-making processes makes it particularly useful in managing the complexities and uncertainties inherent in legal decision-making where actions (such as drafting documents or providing legal advice) may have far-reaching consequences. In legal practice, RL models can help predict case outcomes, determine the best legal strategies, and even optimize contract negotiations based on past results. Through continuous feedback, these models will improve over time and become more effective in suggesting optimal actions for lawyers and other legal professionals. Implementation of RL-based systems is expected to streamline legal workflows, reduce human error, and provide innovative solutions to longstanding challenges in legal research, litigation, and compliance.

This article discusses the pedagogical conditions for the development of students' legal literacy.

Bul maqalada ata-ana hám perzent múnasibetleri hám tarbiya usılları, shańaraqlıq tárbiya metodologiyası hám metodikası haqqında sóz etilgen.