Maqalada xudojnik Q.Saipov dóretiwshiligi haqqında talabalarǵa túsindiriw reńler hám simvollar tiykarında social waqyanı, ishki sezimin kórsetiw, sol menen birge súwretler, qadirli súwretlerdi túsiniwde belgili dárejede reńler ańlatuwshı mánislerine baylanıslıǵı. Qále tariyxıy bolsin yamasa uluwma psixologiyalıq, kórkem bolsın reńler hám simvollar haqqında biliw talap etiledi.Maqalada Q.Saipov dóretiwshiligin túsiniwde reńler haqqında da belgili dárejede kóz aldına keltirip biliw kerekligi haqqında pikr keltiriledi.

Ушбу мақолада Жахонда спорт маркетинги ва менежменти соҳасининг ҳозирги ҳолати, мавжуд муаммолар аниқланган ва ривожлантиришга оид аниқ таклифлар берилган. Жаҳон тажрибаси асосида маҳаллий шарт-шароитларга мос келувчи моделлар таклиф этилган.

Ushbu maqolada XVIII–XIX asrlarda Xiva xonligi va Rossiya imperiyasi o‘rtasidagi siyosiy, diplomatik va harbiy munosabatlar tarixiy manbalar asosida tahlil qilinadi. Dastlab savdo va elchilik aloqalari shaklida boshlangan munosabatlar, vaqt o‘tishi bilan Rossiya imperiyasining bosqinchilik siyosati ta’sirida keskin tus olgan. 1873-yilgi harbiy yurish va uning oqibatida Xiva xonligining yarim mustamlakaga aylanishi ikki davlat o‘rtasidagi asimmetrik munosabatlarning yakuniy bosqichi sifatida ko‘rsatiladi. Mazkur tarixiy jarayonlar O‘rta Osiyodagi geosiyosiy o‘zgarishlarni anglashda muhim ilmiy ahamiyatga ega.

Ushbu maqolada XVI–XIX asrlarda Oʻrta Osiyo xonliklari — Buxoro, Xiva va Qo‘qon hamda Eron (Safaviylar, Afshoriylar va Qajarlar sulolalari) o‘rtasidagi diplomatik munosabatlar tarixiy manbalar asosida tahlil qilinadi. Mazkur aloqalarning shakllanishi, rivojlanishi va muayyan siyosiy voqealar ta’sirida o‘zgarishi o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, diniy, iqtisodiy va harbiy omillarning diplomatik jarayonlarga ta’siri yoritiladi. Maqola orqali mintaqaviy geosiyosiy muvozanatda bu aloqalarning tutgan o‘rni ochib beriladi.

Pneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children with congenital hydrocephalus, posing unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to explore the specific features of pneumonia progression in children born with hydrocephalus, focusing on the interplay between neurological impairments and respiratory vulnerability. Hydrocephalus, a condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, can lead to various neurological deficits, which in turn increase the susceptibility to respiratory infections, including pneumonia. The study employs a retrospective analysis of clinical data from pediatric patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus who were also treated for pneumonia. Data were collected on the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, treatment protocols, and outcomes of pneumonia in these patients. Key findings revealed that children with hydrocephalus often present with atypical pneumonia symptoms, including lethargy, irritability, and feeding difficulties, which complicates early diagnosis. Furthermore, respiratory defense mechanisms in these children are compromised due to poor neuromuscular control and swallowing dysfunction, leading to an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia.