Ushbu maqolada mental arifmetikaning boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining matematik tafakkurini rivojlantirishdagi roli o‘rganiladi. Mental arifmetika nafaqat tez hisoblash malakalarini, balki tafakkur, xotira, diqqat va tasavvur kabi kognitiv kompetensiyalarni ham rivojlantiradi. Tadqiqotda turli metodlar asosida tajriba sinf o‘quvchilari bilan ish olib borilib, ularning natijalari tahlil qilindi.

Mazkur maqolada qisqa masofaga yuguruvchilarning texnik mahoratini oshirishda qo‘llaniladigan zamonaviy usullar, start texnikasi, bosqichma-bosqich tezlanish, harakat mexanikasi va plyometrik tayyorgarlik usullari ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Muallif tomonidan haftalik mashg‘ulot rejasi asosida sportchilarning texnik rivojlanish ko‘rsatkichlari jadvalda bayon etiladi.

Maqolada tibbiy tashxis qilish jarayonida qo‘llaniladigan ko‘p sinfli klassifikatsiya masalalarini yechish uchun ansamblli o‘rganish yondashuvlaridan foydalanish masalasi qaralgan. Stacking, Random Forest va LightGBM ansambl usullaridan foydalanib o‘quv tanlanmalaridagi klassifikatsiya aniqligini hisoblash kabi ishlar natija sifatida olingan.

Human dignity is the intrinsic respect, worth, and significance of the human being essentially or extrinsically determined through the rational capacity, volition, and free will of man. In Afghanistan’s constitutional law, human dignity is essential. Human dignity is the core and fundamental principle of all laws, as defined by the 2004 Constitution, which serves as the mother of law and the source of a nation’s legislation. The main aim of this article is to understand the concept of human dignity in Afghanistan constitutional law, particularly in the context of the 2004 constitution. This study uses a descriptive-analytical method and relies on library-based data collection. The results of this study show that in terms of the wording of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, human dignity is a human right and one of the most important values forming a basis for the functioning of governance in Afghanistan. The state is obligated to ensure comprehensive protection of human dignity and to prohibit any actions that violate or undermine it, whether in its inherent or acquired form.

Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining matematik savodxonligini oshirishda mental arifmetikaning o‘rni va ahamiyati tahlil qilingan. Integratsiyalashgan yondashuv asosida matematika faniga bo‘lgan qiziqishni oshirish, aqliy rivojlanish, diqqatni jamlash va tez fikrlash ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirishda mental arifmetikaning ta’siri asoslangan. Asosiy qismda to‘rt yechilgan masala orqali mazkur metodikaning amaliy imkoniyatlari ochib beriladi.