Mazkur maqolada o‘smirlarning intellektual salohiyatini rivojlanishida ularning tug‘ma qobiliyat va iste’dodining o‘rni muhim ahamiyatga ega ekanligi. Rivojlanish jarayonining har bir o‘tish davri, qobiliyat faqat harakatda, rivojlanishda mavjudligi yoritilgan.

Изобразительное искусство объединяет в себе множество различных направлений, каждое из которых уникально по своим выразительным возможностям. Одним из древнейших и важнейших видов является графика, имеющая богатую историю и занимающая значимое положение в искусстве. В данной статье рассматриваются сущность графики, её основные виды, роль и функции в различных областях художественной деятельности.

Bul maqalada qaraqalpaqtıń milliy saz áspabı bolǵan “Alamoynaq duwtar” haqqında, jánede qaraqalpaq baqsıshılıq óneri hám mektepleri haqqında qısqasha aytılıp ótilgen.

This article discusses the influence of the social environment on the development of the individual.

This article presents an overview of advanced technologies utilizing synthesized nanoparticles for the selective separation and purification of crude oil. The growing demand for cleaner fuels and more efficient refining methods has driven the development of nanotechnology-based solutions in the petroleum industry. Engineered nanoparticles, including metal oxides, carbon-based nanostructures, and functionalized silica, have demonstrated exceptional selectivity, surface reactivity, and stability under harsh processing conditions. The study highlights the mechanisms by which nanoparticles interact with crude oil components—such as asphaltenes, resins, and sulfur-containing compounds—enabling targeted removal and separation. Laboratory-scale experiments and pilot-scale applications are analyzed to assess improvements in phase separation, emulsion breaking, and reduction of processing time and energy consumption. The results support the feasibility of integrating nanoparticle-based systems into conventional refining processes to enhance performance, reduce environmental impact, and increase the yield of high-value fractions. These technologies show strong potential for contributing to the future of sustainable and efficient crude oil treatment.