This article discusses the entry and settlement of the Turks into the Asian continent, the founding of the Ottoman state, its internal and external policies, invasion campaigns, and the fact that a lot of scientific research has been conducted and studied about this.

Since humans are social creatures, they live with other humans. This vital necessity requires the creation of social habitats by humans. Areas of social life such as education, arts and sports are defined by written and unwritten rules. Everything done in these habitats creates the culture of the community because it reflects other people. The status of subcultures such as educational culture, artistic culture, and sports culture is also an indicator of civilization for that society. One of the main indicators of civilization is the level of exchange of social benefits associated with activities that occur in human associations, such as sports. Because not everyone has the skills and abilities relevant to their living conditions. Therefore, all public and private institutions and organizations have an obligation and responsibility for everyone to use the opportunities and possibilities of social life. Approaching the issue of disability in sports from this point of view is one of the goals of sports sociology. Because the central field of sports sociology is sports and sports people. Access to the sports environment is often seen as a significant issue for athletes with disabilities. Because of this, disabled athletes lag behind in terms of development compared to non-disabled athletes. Therefore, this study first discusses differences in sport culture and changes in the views of those who differ from the perspective of sport sociology. Then, what is disability in the sociology of sport is discussed. In this context, the main goal of the research is to reveal the importance and necessity of researching disability sports and disability sports from the perspective of sports sociology. It is expected that this study, which used a descriptive method as one of the research methods, will contribute to the awareness of disability sports and lead to similar studies.

In modern linguistics, the study of linguistic and cultural aspects of languages is one of the areas that scientists pay the most attention to. In the following article, we have tried to show the characteristics of the expression of linguistic and cultural features of euphemisms in comparison with the German and Uzbek languages.

In this article, to identify and systematize lexical-semantic, linguoculturological and structural featuressystems of modern personal names in French. Competentuse of the anthroponym form, knowledge of a foreign language and knowledge foreign cultural models of personal names is one of the most important conditions the success of the process of intercultural communication. Many questions related to the functioning of personal names have been considered by various disciplines.

Along with the type and variety of plants, soil and climate conditions play an important role in this. The nutrient requirement of plants is determined by the amount of nutrients taken out with the total crop or by the yield unit of the main product.