Antibiotic resistance in pneumonia is an escalating global health concern that undermines the effectiveness of current treatments and increases morbidity and mortality rates. This paper reviews the key mechanisms by which bacteria develop resistance to commonly used antibiotics, including enzymatic drug degradation, target site modification, and efflux pumps. The impact of resistant pathogens on clinical outcomes, treatment strategies, and healthcare systems is discussed. Emphasis is placed on the importance of antibiotic stewardship programs, vaccination, and rapid diagnostic techniques in managing resistant infections. The review also highlights ongoing research into novel therapeutics and the need for coordinated global efforts to mitigate antibiotic resistance. Effective management of antibiotic resistance in pneumonia is critical for improving patient outcomes and safeguarding public health.

Bul maqalada K.Raxmanovtıń dramalıq shıǵarmasında qollanılǵan frazeologiyalıq ótlesiwler haqqında sóz etiledi.

Mazkur ishda Temuriylar davrida tibbiyot sohasining taraqqiyoti, ilmiy an’analari va mashhur tabiblar faoliyati yoritilgan. Ayniqsa, Abu Ali ibn Sino ilmiy merosining davomchilari, Husayn Boyqaro davridagi ilmiy muhit, shuningdek, Alisher Navoiy va boshqa mutafakkirlarning tibbiyotga bo‘lgan e’tibori tahlil qilingan. Temuriylar davrida dorixonalar, shifoxonalar va ilmiy markazlar faoliyati, o‘sha davrdagi kasalliklarni davolash usullari hamda tibbiy adabiyotlarning yaratilishi haqida ma’lumotlar keltirilgan. Ushbu ish tarixiy manbalar va ilmiy tadqiqotlar asosida tayyorlangan bo‘lib, o‘rta asrlarda Markaziy Osiyoda tibbiyot fanining rivojlanish bosqichlarini o‘rganishga qaratilgan.

In this article today, the focus is on the student, his personality and unique inner world. Therefore, the main goal of a modern teacher is to choose methods and forms of organizing students whose educational activities are optimally compatible with the goal of personality development. In recent years, the issue of using new information technologies in schools has been increasingly raised.

Ushbu maqolada atov gaplarning ma’nosi, shakllanishi va maktab darsliklarida ularning qo‘llanilish usullari o‘rganildi. Atov gaplar nutqni yanada jonlantirish, ta’sirchanlikni oshirish va mavzuni aniq ifodalashda muhim vosita hisoblanadi. Tadqiqotda atov gaplarning turli turlari tahlil qilinib, ularni o‘quvchilarga samarali o‘rgatish metodikalari ko‘rib chiqildi. Mashqlar yordamida atov gaplarni to‘g‘ri qo‘llash usullari va darsliklardagi misollar tahlil qilindi. Natijalar atov gaplarni o‘rgatish jarayonini takomillashtirishga xizmat qilishi mumkin.