Ushbu maqolada xalq dostonlari leksikasi qiyosiy tarixiy tahlil qilinadi va ularning o’zaro munosabati, shakllanish va manbalari, shuningdek, xalq dostonlari tilidagi qadimgi turkiy so’zlar tahlil ostiga olinadi.

This article explores the role of mobile applications in fostering autonomous learning of the French language. The rapid advancement of digital technologies has significantly transformed approaches to foreign language instruction, creating new opportunities for independent, flexible, and interactive learning. Through the analysis of various mobile applications and their pedagogical potential, the article highlights the effectiveness of these tools in developing linguistic competence and promoting learner autonomy.

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the effectiveness of standard anti-tubercular therapy (ATT), limitations such as drug resistance, long treatment duration, toxicity, and poor patient compliance necessitate alternative or complementary therapeutic strategies. Herbal medicine, a cornerstone of traditional medicine systems, has emerged as a promising adjunct in TB management. This review explores the pharmacological potential of medicinal plants with antimycobacterial, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties. Key herbs, their active constituents, and mechanisms of action are discussed. Integration of herbal medicine in TB treatment may enhance therapeutic efficacy, reduce adverse effects, and improve patient outcomes, though more clinical trials are required to validate efficacy and safety.

В статье рассматривается проблема формирования межкультурной компетенции учащихся в процессе изучения французского языка. Раскрываются теоретические основы понятия межкультурной компетенции, её структура и значение в современном образовании. Особое внимание уделяется возможностям французского языка как средства развития межкультурного понимания. Приведены практические методы и приёмы работы на уроках, направленные на развитие у школьников способности к эффективному взаимодействию с представителями других культур.

Bul maqalada K.Raxmanovtıń dramalıq shıǵarmasında qollanılǵan frazeologiyalıq ótlesiwler haqqında sóz etiledi.