Ushbu maqolada basketbol o‘yinida individual texnika va taktika o‘rtasidagi o‘zaro aloqaning mazmuni, ularning bir-biriga ta’siri hamda o‘yin samaradorligiga bo‘lgan ahamiyati tahlil qilingan. O‘yinchining individual ko‘nikmalari (dribling, pas, zarba, himoya) va jamoaviy taktik rejalarning uyg‘unligi basketbol o‘yinida muvaffaqiyat kaliti hisoblanadi. Amaliy misollar orqali individual texnika va taktika qanday tarzda bir-birini to‘ldirishi yoritiladi. Shuningdek, zamonaviy metodikalar asosida ushbu ikki omilning o‘yin natijalariga ta’siri yoritilgan va murabbiylar uchun metodologik tavsiyalar berilgan.

This paper examines the alarming practice of child soldier recruitment by the Houthi movement in Yemen’s ongoing armed conflict, highlighting the widespread and systematic nature of this war crime. The study focuses on the methods used by the Houthis to recruit children, some as young as eight years old, for both combat and auxiliary support roles. It delves into the devastating physical, psychological, and social consequences these children face, including injuries, permanent disabilities, and long-term trauma such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The objective of this research is to analyze the recruitment and use of child soldiers by the Houthis, framing these actions as clear violations of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and human rights conventions, such as the Geneva Conventions, the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC). The methodology employs a qualitative approach, utilizing reports from international human rights organizations, UN documentation, and eyewitness testimonies to assess the scope of these violations. The study aims to raise awareness about the unlawful use of children in armed conflict by the Houthis and the broader societal impact on Yemen. The findings indicate that the Houthi movement systematically violates international law by conscripting and deploying child soldiers. In conclusion, the paper calls for urgent international action, including legal accountability, child protection policies, and comprehensive rehabilitation programs for former child soldiers.

Mazkur maqolada turizm etikasi tushunchasi, uning asosiy tamoyillari va amaliy ahamiyati keng yoritilgan. Turizm etikasi — bu sayyohlar, xizmat ko‘rsatuvchilar, mahalliy aholi va ekologik muhit o‘rtasidagi axloqiy munosabatlarni tartibga soluvchi me’yorlar majmui bo‘lib, u o‘zaro hurmat, mas’uliyat, halollik, madaniyatlararo muloqot va adolat prinsiplariga asoslanadi. Maqolada turizmda etik qadriyatlarning sayyohlar va mezbonlar o‘rtasidagi ijobiy munosabatlarga, xizmat sifati va mamlakatning xalqaro imijiga ta’siri alohida ta’kidlangan. Ushbu maqolada muallif tomonidan tarixiy va madaniy meros ob’ektlariga nisbatan ehtiyotkorlik, ekologik barqarorlikka e’tibor, xizmat ko‘rsatishdagi madaniyat va mehmondo‘stlik kabi omillar barqaror turizm asosini tashkil etuvchi mezonlar sifatida ko‘rsatilgan. Shuningdek, etika va barqaror rivojlanish o‘rtasidagi bog‘liqlik, yosh avlodni etik ong asosida tarbiyalash, ta’lim tizimiga etik me’yorlarni kiritish zaruriyati ham tahlil etilgan. Maqola natijasida, turizmda etik yondashuv nafaqat axloqiy, balki ijtimoiy, iqtisodiy va madaniy jihatdan ham rivojlanishning muhim omili ekanligi xulosa sifatida ilgari suriladi.

In international documents, various definitions of torture have been presented, with the most comprehensive and reasonable being the definition provided in the Convention Against Torture of 1984. Article 1 of this Convention states that, for the purposes of the Convention, the term "torture" refers to any intentional act that causes severe physical or mental pain or suffering to a person, for the purpose of obtaining information or confessions from him or a third person. It also encompasses punishing a person for an act that he or a third person has committed or is suspected of committing, or threatening or coercing him or a third person. Punishment based on any form of discrimination is also considered torture. However, the same article adds that pain and suffering resulting from the inherent or incidental characteristics of lawful penalties are excluded from this definition. Among the international guarantees against torture in the international legal system are the Convention Against Torture of 1984, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the Geneva Conventions, the Statute of the International Criminal Court, the European Convention on Human Rights, the American Convention on Human Rights, and the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights. Establishing the position of the prohibition of torture in the international legal system as one of the absolute principles contributes to preventing violations of the prohibition of torture, upholding human rights, and ensuring fair trials within the judicial process.

Ushbu maqolada ilk sak-massaget ko‘chmanchi xalqlari tarixining tarixshunoslikda yoritilishi tizimli tarzda tahlil etiladi. Asosiy e’tibor qadimgi yunon-rim mualliflari - Gerodot, Strabon, Kvint Kursiy Ruf,Arrian, Diodor,Efor kabi mualliflarining asarlarida sak va massagetlar to‘g‘risida berilgan ma’lumotlarga qaratiladi. Ularning yozma asarlarida ushbu ko‘chmanchi xalqlarning harbiy-siyosiy tuzilmasi, urf-odatlari, diniy qarashlari va boshqa xalqlar bilan bo‘lgan munosabatlari qanday aks ettirilgani ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shu bilan birga, rus tarixchi va sharqshunos olimlari -V.V. Bartold, S.P.Tolstov, A.I. Terenojkin, B.A.Litvinskiy, K.A.Akishev kabi olimlarning tadqiqotlari asosida sak-massagetlar tarixini o‘rganishga zamonaviy ilmiy yondashuvlar tahlil qilinadi