Yuz-jagʻ flegmonasi — odontogen infektsiyalar, travmatik shikastlanishlar yoki immunitet zaiflashishi natijasida rivojlanadigan ogʻir yiringli yalligʻlanish jarayoni bo‘lib, to‘qimalarning chuqur qatlamlariga tarqalishi va bemorning umumiy holatiga salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatishi mumkin. Flegmonaning muvaffaqiyatli davolanishi mikrobiologik tahlil natijalariga asoslangan antibiotik terapiyani toʻgʻri tanlashga bogʻliq. Ushbu maqolada yuz-jagʻ flegmonasining mikrobiologik xususiyatlari, bakterial flora tarkibi, antibiotik sezuvchanlik testlari va empirik hamda maqsadli antibiotik terapiyaning samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot yuz-jagʻ flegmonasi bilan kasallangan bemorlarda eng ko‘p uchraydigan bakteriyalarni aniqlash, sezuvchanlik testlarini amalga oshirish va antibiotik tanlashning optimal usullarini belgilashni maqsad qiladi. Ushbu ilmiy ish bakteriologik ekin va molekulyar-genetik diagnostika metodlari asosida olib borilib, davolashda qo‘llanilishi mumkin bo‘lgan antibiotiklar samaradorligi baholanadi. Maqolada empirik va maqsadli antibiotik terapiya yondashuvlari keltirilib, beta-laktam antibiotiklari (masalan, **Sefazolin**), klindamitsin va metronidazol kabi preparatlarning flegmonada qo‘llanilish samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot natijalari antibiotik terapiya strategiyalarini optimallashtirishga, kasallikning asoratlarini kamaytirishga va bemorlarning tezroq sogʻayishini ta’minlashga yordam beradi.

This article explores the syntactic, semantic, and stylistic features of parenthetical sentences in English. It provides detailed classifications, examples, and explanations of their communicative functions in both spoken and written discourse. The study highlights how parentheticals enhance expressiveness, clarify meaning, and influence rhythm and tone.

Maqolada "Pomidor" usulidan foydalangan holda bilimlarni natijali ozladhtirishning ahamiyatli yoritilgan.

Ushbu maqolada sutni qayta ishlash jarayonlarida oziq-ovqat xavfsizligini ta’minlash bo‘yicha zamonaviy texnologik yechimlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Gigiyena talablariga rioya qilish, mikrobiologik xavflarni kamaytirish, ilg‘or avtomatlashtirilgan tizimlar, hamda HACCP tizimining joriy etilishi orqali xavfsizlikni oshirish usullari tahlil qilinUshbu maqolada sutni qayta ishlash jarayonlarida oziq-ovqat xavfsizligini ta’minlash bo‘yicha zamonaviy texnologik yechimlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Gigiyena talablariga rioya qilish, mikrobiologik xavflarni kamaytirish, ilg‘or avtomatlashtirilgan tizimlar, hamda HACCP tizimining joriy etilishi orqali xavfsizlikni oshirish usullari tahlil qilinadi.adi.

The persistent generation and improper management of industrial waste, coupled with resource depletion and environmental degradation, pose significant challenges to achieving sustainability in human life. The burden associated with industrial waste intensifies both ecological and public health risks. Effective industrial waste management requires a thorough understanding of its sources and geographical distribution. In this study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of English-language publications from the past decade indexed in the Dimensions database, using the keyword “industrial waste management.” The analysis focused on publication trends, leading journals, academic impact metrics such as total citations, Field Citation Ratio (FCR), and Relative Citation Ratio (RCR), as well as identifying the most cited articles and their alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).