Small biopsies are of great importance in pathological diagnostics, as they allow for the early detection of many diseases and the determination of treatment strategies. However, morphological errors that occur during the evaluation of these samples can lead to incorrect diagnosis and a negative impact on the patient's health. The article analyzes the main morphological errors that occur during the study of small biopsies, their causes and clinical consequences. It also highlights the importance of improving the biopsy technique, proper sample preparation, and the use of modern diagnostic methods (immunohistochemistry, molecular diagnostics) to prevent errors. The study also shows the possibilities of reducing diagnostic errors by improving the professional skills of pathologists and strengthening quality control.

В статье рассматриваются фразеологизмы с компонентом-именем числительным в русском языке. Анализируются их происхождение, семантика и функции в речи. Приводятся примеры из художественной литературы и научных исследований известных лингвистов. Работа способствует углубленному пониманию роли числительных в фразеологии и их влияния на выразительность русского языка.

Mazkur ilmiy maqolada bank faoliyatini raqamlashtirish orqali xizmatlar sifatini oshirish masalasi “O‘zsanoatqurilishbank” ATB misolida o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqot davomida bank tomonidan 2021–2024 yillar oralig‘ida joriy etilgan raqamli texnologiyalar, mobil ilovalar, internet-banking, onlayn kreditlash, chatbotlar va sun’iy intellekt asosidagi xizmatlarning samaradorligi tahlil qilindi. Statistik ko‘rsatkichlar asosida mijozlar qoniqish darajasining ortishi, xizmat ko‘rsatish tezligi va qulayligi oshgani aniqlangan. Shuningdek, maqolada xizmat sifatini yanada yaxshilash uchun zarur bo‘lgan strategik yo‘nalishlar – shaxsiylashtirilgan xizmatlar, avtomatlashtirish darajasini oshirish va kibermuhofaza choralarini kuchaytirish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar berilgan. Ushbu tadqiqot O‘zbekistonda bank raqamlashtiruvi orqali xizmatlar sifatini yaxshilashda muhim ilmiy-amaliy asos bo‘lib xizmat qiladi.

Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy raqamli texnologiyalarning tarix ta’limida tutgan o‘rni, ularning ta’lim jarayoniga ta’siri, afzalliklari va qo‘llanilish turlari ilmiy-nazariy asosda tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, interaktiv metodlar, onlayn platformalar va raqamli resurslardan foydalanishning samaradorligi yoritilgan. XXI asrda insoniyat taraqqiyotining ajralmas qismiga aylangan raqamli texnologiyalar deyarli barcha sohalarda keng qo‘llanilmoqda. Ta’lim tizimi ham bundan mustasno emas. Ayniqsa, ijtimoiy fanlar qatorida muhim o‘rin tutadigan tarix fani o‘quvchilarda tanqidiy fikrlash, tahlil qilish va saboq chiqarish ko‘nikmalarini shakllantiradi. Shu nuqtayi nazardan, raqamli texnologiyalarning tarix darslariga integratsiyasi bu fanning o‘zlashtirilishini yengillashtiradi, uni ko‘proq hayotiy va jonli qiladi.

Pneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children with congenital hydrocephalus, posing unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to explore the specific features of pneumonia progression in children born with hydrocephalus, focusing on the interplay between neurological impairments and respiratory vulnerability. Hydrocephalus, a condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, can lead to various neurological deficits, which in turn increase the susceptibility to respiratory infections, including pneumonia. The study employs a retrospective analysis of clinical data from pediatric patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus who were also treated for pneumonia. Data were collected on the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, treatment protocols, and outcomes of pneumonia in these patients. Key findings revealed that children with hydrocephalus often present with atypical pneumonia symptoms, including lethargy, irritability, and feeding difficulties, which complicates early diagnosis. Furthermore, respiratory defense mechanisms in these children are compromised due to poor neuromuscular control and swallowing dysfunction, leading to an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia.