В статье на основе анализа отечественной и зарубежной литературы рассматриваются клинические и морфологические особенности двух наиболее распространенных донорских источников костной ткани для реконструкции сегментарных дефектов нижней челюсти: гребня подвздошной кости и малоберцовой кости. Показано, что выбор аутотрансплантата должен определяться протяженностью и локализацией дефекта, состоянием воспринимающего ложа и планом последующей дентальной реабилитации.

Исследование посвящено определению современных требований к преподаванию иностранных языков студентам нерусской аудитории. Рассмотрены коммуникативный, компетентностный, личностно ориентированный и цифровой подходы, а также влияние многоязычной среды на формирование иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции.

Qonunchilik normalari tahlili asosida tilanchilik uchun belgilangan jarima va ma’muriy qamoq sanksiyalarining, shuningdek, jinoiy-huquqiy normalarning amaliyotda funksional samarasizligi asoslangan. Huquqbuzarliklar retsidivizmini jilovlash maqsadida jazolash tizimidan Ijtimoiy himoya milliy agentligi vositasida majburiy resotsializatsiya va raqamli kriminologik profilaktika modeliga o‘tish bo‘yicha tizimli tavsiyalar ilgari surilgan.

This article examines modern approaches to predicting the development of preeclampsia and implementing preventive measures in pregnant women with chronic pyelonephritis. The study assessed the clinical significance of maternal blood pressure, urinary protein levels, renal function, recurrent urinary tract infections, and fetal-placental monitoring during pregnancy. The findings indicate that recurrent urinary tract infections, deterioration of renal function, proteinuria, and progressive elevation of blood pressure may be associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women with chronic pyelonephritis. Individual risk stratification and regular antenatal monitoring may contribute to earlier identification of high-risk patients and timely implementation of preventive and therapeutic measures. Continuous assessment of maternal renal status and fetal-placental condition is particularly important for reducing the risk of maternal and perinatal complications. The results support an individualized approach to the management of pregnancy complicated by chronic pyelonephritis and emphasize the importance of early risk assessment and systematic maternal-fetal surveillance.

This study evaluates modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic heart disease in patients identified in the Fergana region. Particular attention is given to the clinical characteristics of patients, major cardiovascular risk factors, diagnostic findings, pharmacological treatment, and the use of revascularization procedures in selected cases. The study considers the role of electrocardiography, echocardiography, coronary imaging, and individualized medical therapy in the management of ischemic heart disease. The clinical effectiveness of treatment is assessed through changes in anginal symptoms, exercise tolerance, functional status, and the need for repeated cardiovascular care. The findings highlight the importance of combining early risk assessment, modern diagnostic technologies, evidence-based pharmacological treatment, appropriate revascularization, and long-term follow-up in improving cardiovascular care.