The article examines the method of “author-trace analysis” as one of the effective approaches to studying a literary work in school and higher literary pedagogy. This method makes it possible to trace the writer’s creative intent and reconstruct the causal relationships between the author’s biography, the historical-cultural context, and the content of the text. Special attention is paid to the stages of analysis: reconstruction of the author’s position, identification of artistic dominants, and determination of the author’s worldview and aesthetic guidelines. The significance of the method in developing students’ reading competence, analytical and critical thinking is demonstrated.

Corpus linguistics has developed from a supplementary research method into a major empirical approach within modern linguistics. This article traces the historical evolution of corpus linguistics from its early foundations to the era of web-based, multimodal, and AI-driven corpora. It highlights major milestones, methodological innovations, theoretical contributions, and contemporary applications. The discussion also addresses current debates regarding representativeness, ethical concerns, and the future direction of corpus-based research. The article demonstrates how corpus linguistics has shaped the analysis of real-world language use and has become central to computational linguistics, lexicography, sociolinguistics, and language teaching.

Работа посвящена анализу нейрологического состояния новорождённых, перенёсших воздействие внутриутробных инфекционных агентов. Целью являлось определение закономерностей формирования поражений головного мозга и выявление маркеров, позволяющих прогнозировать степень неврологического дефицита. Проведён комплексный анализ клинических, лабораторных и нейровизуализационных данных, на основании которых установлено, что ведущую роль в повреждении ЦНС играет сочетание прямого повреждающего действия патогена и воспалительного ответа, формирующегося в фетальных тканях.

Одной из главных задач исторической науки было осмысление этнической истории. В статье указываются этнические процессы кокандского ханства.

Ushbu maqolada mintaqaviy infratuzilmani modernizatsiya qilishning iqtisodiy mohiyati, uning samaradorlik ko‘rsatkichlari, O‘zbekiston mintaqalarida amalga oshirilayotgan infratuzilma loyihalari hamda ularning ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy rivojlanishga ta’siri tahlil qilingan. Zamonaviy mintaqaviy iqtisodiyotning eng dolzarb muammolari kompleks tahlil qilinib,ularning samarali yechim yoʻllari taklif etilgan. Maqolada mintaqaviy iqtisodiyotni rivojlantirishning istiqbolli yoʻnalishlari sifatida mintaqaviy ixtisoslashtirish, raqamlashtirish, barqaror turizm va kichik biznesni qoʻllab-quvvatlash masalalari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, infratuzilma modernizatsiyasining iqtisodiy samaradorligini oshirish yo‘nalishlari bo‘yicha takliflar ilgari surilgan.