Antibiotic resistance in pneumonia is an escalating global health concern that undermines the effectiveness of current treatments and increases morbidity and mortality rates. This paper reviews the key mechanisms by which bacteria develop resistance to commonly used antibiotics, including enzymatic drug degradation, target site modification, and efflux pumps. The impact of resistant pathogens on clinical outcomes, treatment strategies, and healthcare systems is discussed. Emphasis is placed on the importance of antibiotic stewardship programs, vaccination, and rapid diagnostic techniques in managing resistant infections. The review also highlights ongoing research into novel therapeutics and the need for coordinated global efforts to mitigate antibiotic resistance. Effective management of antibiotic resistance in pneumonia is critical for improving patient outcomes and safeguarding public health.

Ushbu maqola o‘quvchilarda tinglab tushunish ko‘nikmasini shakllantirish masalasiga bag‘ishlangan. Tinglab tushunish — bu kommunikativ faoliyatning muhim qismi bo‘lib, o‘quvchilarning tilni samarali o‘zlashtirishida hamda o‘rganilayotgan fanlar bo‘yicha ma’lumotni to‘g‘ri qabul qilishda asosiy omillardan biridir. Maqolada tinglab tushunish ko‘nikmasini rivojlantirish metodlari, pedagogik yondashuvlar va samarali usullar o‘rganilgan. Shuningdek, turli pedagogik tadqiqotlar natijalari asosida o‘quvchilarda tinglab tushunishni oshirishga qaratilgan amaliy tavsiyalar keltirilgan. Tadqiqot jarayonida aniq ma’lumotlar va ikki xil jadval yordamida tinglab tushunish ko‘nikmasining o‘quvchilarda shakllanish darajasi tahlil qilingan.

Mazkur maqolada stol tennisi sport turining shakllanishi va tarixiy rivojlanish bosqichlari tahlil qilingan. Dastlabki havaskor ko‘rinishdan boshlab xalqaro sport darajasigacha bo‘lgan taraqqiyot jarayoni yoritilgan. Xalqaro tashkilotlarning roli, qoidalar evolyutsiyasi, texnik va taktik yangilanishlar alohida ko‘rib chiqilgan. Shuningdek, stol tennisi O‘zbekistonda rivojlanishi, federatsiyaning tashkil topishi, musobaqalar tizimi va yoshlar tayyorlovidagi yondashuvlar asosida o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqotda tarixiy manbalar, ilmiy adabiyotlar va mahalliy tajribalar asosida umumiy xulosalar berilgan hamda istiqbolli yo‘nalishlar ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan.

Thisin the article mystical of education morality in upbringing place upbringing methodology and his/her pedagogical basics wide discussion Sufism morality and spirituality individual in shaping and society level importance has was pedagogical methods and styles analysis Also, moral of upbringing goal and tasks, modern education in the system mysticism upbringing methods of use opportunities illuminated.

Ushbu maqolada o‘quvchi yoshlarda iqtisodiy tarbiyani shakllantirishning ahamiyati hamda bu jarayonda pedagogik texnologiyalarning tutgan o‘rni yoritilgan. Shuningdek, iqtisodiy bilimlarni samarali o‘rgatishda interfaol usullar va amaliy mashg‘ulotlarning afzalliklari ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan. Mazkur maqolada umumta’lim maktablarida o‘quvchilarga iqtisodiy tarbiya berishda interfaol metodlar va amaliy mashg‘ulotlarning roli hamda ularning samaradorligini oshirish yo‘llari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, dars jarayoniga innovatsion yondashuvlar kiritish orqali o‘quvchilarning iqtisodiy tafakkurini rivojlantirish muhimligi asoslab berilgan.