Bu maqolada milliy musiqa va an’analar va dasturlar haqida sóz etilgan.

В статье рассматривается синтаксическая синонимия как сложное функционально-семантическое явление современного русского языка. Особое внимание уделяется разграничению синтаксической синонимии и грамматической вариативности в рамках функционально-коммуникативного подхода. Целью работы является выявление структурных типов синтаксических синонимов и описание их коммуникативно-прагматических особенностей. Показано, что синтаксическая синонимия основывается на единстве пропозиционального содержания при вариативности формального выражения и выполняет важную текстообразующую функцию.

Translation is not only the transfer of words from one language to another but also the transmission of cultural identity. Cultural identity reflects the values, traditions, beliefs, and social norms of a particular community, and these elements are often embedded in language. Translators play an important role in preserving and representing these cultural meanings when texts move across linguistic and cultural boundaries. This article examines the relationship between translation and cultural identity, focusing on the challenges translators face when conveying culturally specific concepts. It also discusses strategies translators use to maintain the authenticity of cultural identity while making texts understandable for target audiences.

This article examines parody and pastiche in Gafur Gulom’s Shum Bola, a landmark of Uzbek literature. Drawing on intertextual theory, it analyzes how Gulom employs these devices to construct a two‑layered narrative: an adventure story for children and a subtle social critique for adults. Parody operates through caricatured figures (the wealthy Sariboy) and the child protagonist Qoravoy, whose perspective defamiliarizes adult hypocrisy. Pastiche integrates folk jokes, fairy‑tale motifs, and three distinct speech styles-children’s, adult’s, and authorial-into a unified literary language. The study concludes that parody and pastiche served as essential artistic strategies for navigating Soviet-era ideological constraints while addressing universal moral questions, securing the work’s lasting significance.

Mazkur maqolada bolajak o‘qituvchilarning kasbiy kompetentligini shakllantirish jarayonining nazariy va amaliy asoslari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalar, innovatsion yondashuvlar hamda axborot-kommunikatsiya vositalarining o‘rni ilmiy jihatdan asoslab beriladi. Ta’lim jarayonida kompetensiyaviy yondashuvni qo‘llash orqali pedagog kadrlar tayyorlash samaradorligini oshirish imkoniyatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi.