XIX asr oxiri va XX asr boshlarida Markaziy Osiyo xalqlari hayotida yangi davr boshlandi. Bu davr jadidchilik harakati bilan bog‘liq bo‘lib, uning asosiy maqsadi – milliy uyg‘onish, ma’rifatparvarlik va zamonaviy islohotlar orqali xalqni taraqqiyot sari yetaklash edi. Ayniqsa, ta’lim tizimida chuqur islohotlar zarurligi sezilib, jadidlar bu yo‘nalishda ulkan ishlarga qo‘l urdilar.

Mazkur maqolada stol tennisi sport turining shakllanishi va tarixiy rivojlanish bosqichlari tahlil qilingan. Dastlabki havaskor ko‘rinishdan boshlab xalqaro sport darajasigacha bo‘lgan taraqqiyot jarayoni yoritilgan. Xalqaro tashkilotlarning roli, qoidalar evolyutsiyasi, texnik va taktik yangilanishlar alohida ko‘rib chiqilgan. Shuningdek, stol tennisi O‘zbekistonda rivojlanishi, federatsiyaning tashkil topishi, musobaqalar tizimi va yoshlar tayyorlovidagi yondashuvlar asosida o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqotda tarixiy manbalar, ilmiy adabiyotlar va mahalliy tajribalar asosida umumiy xulosalar berilgan hamda istiqbolli yo‘nalishlar ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan.

Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarining moliyaviy barqarorligi va raqobatbardoshligini baholashda muhim ahamiyatga ega bo'lgan foyda va rentabellik ko'rsatkichlarini tahlil qilish metodologiyasi va amaliyoti o'rganilgan. Tadqiqotda rentabellikning asosiy ko'rsatkichlari, jumladan aktivlar rentabelligi (ROA), kapital rentabelligi (ROE), sof foiz marjasi (NIM) va xarajatlar koeffitsienti kabi indikatorlar o'rganilgan. Tahlil natijalariga ko'ra, bank rentabelligiga ta'sir etuvchi asosiy omillar aniqlangan va samaradorlikni oshirish yo'nalishlari taklif etilgan.

Legal capacity, defined as an individual’s competence to acquire rights and bear obligations, is recognized as a fundamental principle in all legal systems. This study conducts a comparative analysis of commercial capacity within the legal frameworks of Afghanistan and Egypt. The central question of the research is whether the rules governing capacity in commercial matters are similar to those applied in civil affairs, or whether there are fundamental differences between the two domains. The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the concept of commercial capacity in the two legal systems and to examine whether legally incapacitated individuals are permitted to engage in commercial activities. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical method and is based on legal sources from both countries. The findings reveal that although the foundational principles of capacity are similar in both legal systems, there are notable differences in how these principles are applied. In particular, individuals under legal incapacity are not allowed to independently engage in commercial activities, even with the permission of a guardian or curator. Moreover, guardians or curators are also prohibited from conducting commercial activities on behalf of those under their care. This study is significant because a comparative examination of these laws can enhance the understanding and application of capacity rules in commercial matters in both countries.

Mazkur maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining ijodiy qobiliyatlarini shakllantirish va rivojlantirish masalasi nazariy va metodik jihatdan yoritilgan. Xususan, ona tili darslari misolida o‘quvchilarning mustaqil fikrlashi, tasavvuri va nutqiy faolligini oshirishga xizmat qiluvchi samarali usullar tahlil qilinadi. Ijodkorlikni rivojlantirishda darsning mazmuni, metodikasi hamda o‘qituvchining yondashuvi muhim omillar sifatida ko‘rib chiqiladi.