Hozirgi kunda qon tarkibi, plazma oqsillari va limfa-retikulyar tizimning biokimyoviy xususiyatlarini o‘rganish tibbiyot va biologiya fanlarining dolzarb yo‘nalishlaridan biri hisoblanadi. Chunki ushbu tizimlar organizmning ichki muhit barqarorligini (homeostazni) ta’minlashda, modda almashinuvi jarayonlarini boshqarishda hamda immun himoya mexanizmlarini amalga oshirishda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Qon plazmasi oqsillarining miqdoriy va sifat jihatdan o‘zgarishi turli kasalliklar, jumladan jigar yetishmovchiligi, yallig‘lanish jarayonlari, infeksion va onkologik kasalliklarda muhim diagnostik belgi hisoblanadi. Shuningdek, limfa-retikulyar tizim faoliyatining buzilishi immunitet pasayishi, autoimmun kasalliklar va limfoproliferativ patologiyalarga olib keladi.

This article analyzes the strategic importance of tourism development in modern economic conditions based on a macroeconomic approach. Tourism is considered an important factor in diversifying the national economy, increasing GDP, ensuring employment, accelerating regional development, and increasing foreign exchange earnings. The study considers the improvement of the regulatory framework, institutional reforms, improving the investment climate, and introducing innovative mechanisms in the service sector as the main drivers. It also analyzes the specific features of the tourism industry - its multiplier effect, clustering opportunities, and its inextricable link with environmental and social sustainability. The article substantiates the priority areas of tourism development in the context of digitalization, green economy principles, and international integration processes. As a result, it is scientifically substantiated that tourism development is not only an economic necessity, but also an objective contemporary requirement of modern development.

This thesis is devoted to the analysis of pragmatic features of metaphors in the Uzbek language. The study examines the role of metaphors in speech, focusing on their function in conveying meaning and enhancing expressiveness. It also explores the contextual dependence of metaphors, their communicative purposes, and their national-cultural characteristics. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the significance of metaphors in linguistic and communicative processes.

Ихлос,Зийнат шоли навлари тавсия этилган меъёрдаги минерал ўғитлар билан озиқлантириш ҳамда биопрепаратларини қўллаш унинг ҳосилдорлигига таъсир кўрсатиб, уруғга экиш олдидан 10 л/т меъёрда қўллаш ва илмий асослашдан иборат.

Ushbu maqolada, urbanizatsiya va inson qadri XXI asr sotsial infrastruktura ekotizimining transformatsiyasi haqida fikr va mulohazalar yuritiladi. XXI asrda urbanizatsiya insoniyat jamiyatining eng muhim o‘zgarishlaridan biri bo‘lib, nafaqat hududiy va iqtisodiy tizimlarni, balki inson qadr-qimmatining asoslarini ham qayta shakllantirmoqda. Tadqiqot urbanizatsiyaning imkoniyatlari va xavf-xatarlarini yoritib, inson markazidagi barqaror shahar rivojlanishi modelini taklif etadi.