In this scientific article, a comparative analysis of the concepts of ethnicity and nation is carried out. First, the historical, cultural and political aspects of the concepts of ethnicity and nation are deeply studied in the article. the differences and similarities between these are analyzed, the social importance, role in society, and specific characteristics of each are highlighted.

Bul tezisde erkinlik hám erksizlik túsinikleriniń insan minez-qulqına tásiri analiz etiledi. Erktiń buzılıwı processleri hám olardıń shaxs psixologiyasi hám de social qatnaslarǵa kórsetetuǵın tásiri tolıq kórip shıǵıladı. Sonıń menen birge, erksizliktiń hár qıylı kórinisleri hám sebeplerin anıqlaw arqalı onıń aqıbetleri yoritiladi. Usı maqala, tiykarlanıp, jámiyette saw ortalıqtı qáliplestiriw hám erkinlik qádiriyatların targ'ib qılıwda járdem beriwi múmkin.

This article is devoted to studying the role of new signs in the sign language system and their communicative effectiveness. Sign language is of vital importance for people with hearing impairments and is the main tool for ensuring effective communication with them. The article considers the inclusion of new signs in the language system, their importance in expanding the lexical wealth of the language and increasing communicative capabilities.

This article presents scientific opinions on the opportunities created for our mother tongue, the reforms being implemented regarding our mother tongue. Scientific opinions are concluded based on facts.

The article analyzes the socio-psychological rehabilitation of people with disabilities and children with disabilities, the foundations of their protection in international law. The attention of the international legal community to people with disabilities and the work carried out in the legal sphere of people with disabilities are studied in detail. The full protection of the rights of people with disabilities in the international framework and the creation of conditions for them are considered.