The article presents the concept, history of the origin and significance of the idea of separation of powers and the mechanism of “checks and balances" for a democratic state not only in the context of the problems of constitutional law, but also the criminal process, the concept of the institution of preliminary investigation.

In this article, we talked about the history of many captivity of our people, the musical culture of our people, their place in folklore.

This article delves into the realm of love poetry by Fyodor Tyutchev, aiming to unravel its socio-cultural and gender dimensions prevalent in 19th-century Russian literature. Drawing inspiration from Tyutchev's poignant verses, the analysis centers on the protagonists' destinies, exploring their quest for love and freedom amidst societal constraints. Through a scrutiny of societal norms and economic ties, the study underscores the poignant choices and ultimate sacrifices made in the name of love, echoing the tragic hues of human existence.

This article assumes the establishment of clear standards, the use of certified sampling and analysis techniques, and the use of verified measuring instruments and reference materials. The introduction of a system of normative, methodological and metrological support for water quality control makes it possible to obtain reliable and comparable results of water quality control, timely identify sources of pollution, and make informed management decisions. The creation of a network of accredited laboratories and the harmonization of national standards with international requirements contribute to increasing the competence of personnel, improving data exchange and mutual recognition of results at the international level.

Ushbu maqola G’ijduvon tumani etnologiyasi, uning joylashgan o’rni. G’ijduvon atamasi kelib chiqish va ma’nolari bundan tashqari, G’ijduvon tumanida joylashgan yodgorliklar haqida ma’lumotlar yoritilgan.