International criminal proceedings have been consistently criticized due to the lack of an international legislative system, mandatory competent courts, and organized enforcement mechanisms. These factors are essential for establishing a comprehensive and credible legal framework. These shortcomings were particularly evident during the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials, where reliance on the concept of "justice" could not fill the void left by the absence of "legality." The criticisms raised during and after these trials highlighted the importance of the principles of legality of crimes and punishments within international criminal law. Although the process of accepting and establishing these principles has been slow, it has progressed steadily. A historical examination of international criminal proceedings—from the Leipzig High Court in the early 20th century, the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials in the mid-century, the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda in the 1990s, and ad hoc tribunals like the Special Court for Sierra Leone to the International Criminal Court (ICC) at the beginning of the 21st century—demonstrates a profound and gradual evolution in the acceptance and implementation of the principles of legality of crimes and punishments. This process began with denial and initial indifference to these principles and ultimately reached a point where adherence to them was explicitly stated as a legal necessity. This evolution reflects the continuous efforts of the international community to strengthen the legal foundations of international criminal proceedings and ensure the rights of the accused.

В текущей статье анализируются вопросы определения содержания норм зарубежного семейного права в Республике Узбекистан.

В статье рассматривается значение научно-исследовательской деятельности в педагогике как инструмента поиска эффективных форм работы с детьми старшего дошкольного возраста. Особое внимание уделено использованию квест-игр как средства формирования навыков сотрудничества у детей 6–7 лет. Представлены результаты анализа теоретических подходов и обозначены практические рекомендации по организации квест-игр в образовательной деятельности.

Ushbudagi shaxsiy tarixiy jamiyati tarkibi, uningy ildizlari va maqola bosqichlari tahlili. shaxs, yig'ilish, miting va namoyishlar huquqi fuqarolik jamiyatining ajralmas elementi sifatida ko'rib chiqiladi. Sharq va G'arb tafakkuridagi fuqarolik jamiyati talqinlari o'ziga xos farqlar yoritilib, O'zbekistonga tegishli e'tibor qaratiladi. , "Farolarning mitinglari, yig'ilishlari va namoyishlari to'g'risida"gi qonun loyihasining mazmuni, asosiy prinsip va taktikaviy tahlili. Ushbu maqola xodimlarining ijtimoiy faolligi, o'ziga xos uyg'unlikni ochib tashlash va qonunchilik amaliyoti.

Ушбу мақолада таэквондочиларни жисмоний ва психик машғулотлар инсоннинг ўзига ҳам яширин бўлган индивидуал қобилиятлари ва имкониятларини тўлиқ намоён этиш масала ва муаммолари ҳақида фикр билдирилган.