This article discusses the ethnic history of the Uz tribe, which played an important role in the formation of the Uzbek people, based on historical and ethnographic data. It provides information about the regions where this tribe lived, its relations with other clans and tribes, its occupations, political history, and economy.

Medicinada pedagogikanıń ornı hám áhmiyeti. Medicinalıq tálimde pedagogika pániniń maqset hám wazıypaları, obiekti, predmeti, dúzilisi. Pedagogika páni metodologiyasi, tiykarǵı kategoriyalari hám túsinikleri.

This article examines the role of technology integration in modern language education. It reviews key strategies for effective digital pedagogy, including blended learning, flipped classrooms, and mobile-assisted language learning (MALL). The article also explores teacher readiness, digital equity, and instructional design principles for tech-enhanced classrooms. Challenges such as digital fatigue and unequal access are addressed, and recommendations for sustainable implementation are provided. The article concludes by emphasizing the role of reflective practice and continuous professional development in leveraging technology to improve language learning outcomes.

Bul maqalada Berdaq baqsi mektebinen shiqqan baqsilardiń atqariwindaǵi qosiq namalar haqqında sóz etilgen.

Ushbu maqolada Alisher Navoiyning “Navoiy” taxallusining dunyo tillaridagi yozilishi, transliteratsiya va fonetik moslashuv jarayonlari tahlil etildi. Tadqiqot doirasida taxallusning arab va fors alifbosidagi shakllari, rus, ingliz, nemis va oʻzbek tillaridagi orfografik va bibliografik qiyoslari oʻrganildi. Xalqaro bibliografik tizimlarda (Library of Congress, Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, VIAF va boshqalarda) Navoiy taxallusining turlicha qayd etilishi uning ilmiy tadqiqotlarda identifikasiyasiga ta’sir koʻrsatishi qayd etildi. Maqolada transliteratsiyaning turli standartlari — ALA-LC, ISO 9, BGN/PCGN va milliy oʻzbek lotin alifbosi asosida taxallus shakllarining farqlari va ularning madaniy hamda adabiy qabul qilinishi tahlil qilindi. Shu bilan birga, transliterasiya va tarjima oʻrtasidagi farq, taxallusning semantik yuki va uning turkiy madaniy merosdagi ramziy ahamiyatiga e’tibor qaratildi. Taxallusning xalqaro miqyosda yagona yozuv shaklida qayd etilishi zarurligini ilgari surilgan va uning bibliografik tizimlarda standartlashtirilishi yuzasidan takliflar berishga intilingan.