Pedagogika ilmi insoniyat madaniyatining ajralmas qismi bo‘lib, bolalar va yoshlar tarbiyasi, ta’lim va tarbiya jarayonlarini o‘rganadi. Ushbu sohaning rivojlanishida nafaqat g‘arb, balki sharq allomalari ham katta hissa qo‘shgan. Ularning ta’lim va tarbiya haqidagi g‘oyalari bugungi zamonaviy pedagogikaning poydevorini tashkil etadi. Ushbu maqolada pedagogika fanining shakllknishi tarixi va zamonaviy ta’lim tizimida sharq mutafakkirlarining pedagogik qarashlari hamda ma’naviy merosining o‘rni beqiesligi, ajdodlar g‘oyasini takomillashtirish evaziga ta’limni yuksak bosqichga ko‘tarish haqida fikrlar bayon etilgan.
Mamlakatning iqtisodiy taraqqiyoti ko‘p jihatdan xususiy sektorning rivojlanishiga bog‘liq. Chunki xususiy tarmoq iqtisodiyotning harakatlantiruvchi kuchi bo‘lib, yangi ish o‘rinlari yaratadi, innovatsiyalarni rivojlantiradi va aholi turmush darajasini oshiradi. Shu sababli, davlatning xususiy sektor va tadbirkorlikni qo‘llab-quvvatlash siyosati iqtisodiy strategiyaning muhim qismi hisoblanadi.
Congenital heart disease is the most common congenital anomaly, occurring in almost 1% of live births ( 1 ). Among birth defects, congenital heart disease is the leading cause of infant mortality. The most common congenital heart defects diagnosed in infancy are muscular and perimembranous ventricular septal defects, followed by secundum atrial septal defects, with an overall prevalence of 48.4 per 10,000 live births ( 2, 3, 4 ). The most common “blue” congenital heart defect is tetralogy of Fallot, which is twice as common as transposition of the great arteries (4.7 versus 2.3 per 10,000 births). Overall, bicuspid aortic valve is the most common congenital heart defect, with a prevalence of 0.5–2.0%.