This article explores the significance of proverbs in modern literature as carriers of cultural heritage, moral guidance, and social wisdom. Proverbs, as concise and memorable expressions, are used by contemporary authors to enrich narrative structures, reinforce thematic content, and enhance character development. Comparative analysis reveals that, while proverbs exhibit universal cognitive and ethical patterns, their deployment varies according to cultural and societal contexts. The study emphasizes that paremiology, the study of proverbs, remains essential for literary analysis and cross-cultural understanding in contemporary scholarship.

В статье проводится научный анализ понятия юридической ответственности, ее сущности, признаков, принципов и видов. В ходе исследования рассматривается роль юридической ответственности в общественной жизни, ее значение в предупреждении правонарушений и применение со стороны государства. Также представлены научные выводы о совершенствовании института юридической ответственности и повышении его эффективности. Работа направлена на освещение взаимосвязи правовой теории и практики, а также на развитие правовой культуры.

Mazkur maqolada o’qitish jarayonida ijtimoiy moslashuvni rivojlantirishning pedagogik usullarini o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan. Unda mashg‘ulotlarning inson shaxsiyati va jamiyat bilan o‘zaro aloqalarini mustahkamlashdagi roli tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot jarayonida inkluziv ta’lim vositalaridan samarali foydalanish orqali turli yoshdagi va ehtiyojdagi bolalarning ijtimoiy moslashuviga ijobiy ta’sir ko‘rsatish misollar orqali ko'rsatilgan.

Laser therapy has become an increasingly important modality in dermatology for treating various skin conditions, including acne, scars, pigmentation disorders, and vascular lesions. This paper reviews the mechanisms of laser interaction with skin tissues, evaluates the effectiveness of different types of lasers, and proposes methodologies for optimizing treatment outcomes. Clinical results indicate significant improvements in skin appearance and patient satisfaction. The study also discusses potential risks and the importance of individualized treatment plans.

Ushbu maqolada surunkali uyqusizlikning inson miya faoliyati va kognitiv salomatlikka ta’siri yoritilgan.