Mazkur maqolada sport menejmenti sohasida gender tengligi masalalari tahlil qilinadi. Unda ayollarning sport boshqaruvidagi ishtiroki, mavjud to‘siqlar, ilg‘or tajribalar va gender tengligini ta’minlash bo‘yicha takliflar keltirilgan. Maqola sport tizimidagi adolatli va inklyuziv boshqaruvga erishish yo‘llarini ko‘rsatishga qaratilgan.

The automatization of the heart is its fundamental ability to independently generate electrical impulses that initiate heart contractions, without external stimulation from the nervous system. This review is devoted to a comprehensive review of this phenomenon. The main driver of the rhythm is normally the sinoatrial (CA) node, whose cells have unique electrophysiological properties, in particular, the ability to slow spontaneous diastolic depolarization (phase 4 of the action potential). This process is based on the complex dynamics of ion currents, including the "funny" current (If), calcium currents (ICa,T, ICa,L) and potassium currents (IK). The review examines in detail the ionic mechanisms of pacemaker activity, the hierarchy of pacemakers (CA node, atrioventricular node, Gis-Purkinje system) and the phenomenon of suppression of the underlying centers of automatism (overdrive suppression). The mechanisms of regulation of heart rate by the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic), humoral factors (adrenaline, thyroid hormones) and other influences (temperature, ion balance, hypoxia) are highlighted. The clinical significance of automation is discussed, including pathological conditions such as CA node dysfunction (sinus node weakness syndrome), ectopic foci of automatism, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias associated with abnormal automation, as well as approaches to their diagnosis (ECG) and treatment (antiarrhythmic drugs, artificial pacemakers). In conclusion, modern research directions in this field are considered, including the study of the genetic basis of automatism disorders and the development of biological rhythm drivers.

Ushbu maqolada muallif o'zbek millati o'z farzandlariga o'zbekona ism tanlash, va uning tarixiy ismlarni inobatga olgan xolda farzandiga qo'yish haqida qisqacha fikrlar bayon qiladi. Ismlar millat shaʼni obroʻsiga nufuziga yarasha ismlar haqida fikirlar yuritgan. Hamda oʻzbek ismiga "Xon", "Bek", Jon" qoʻshimcha deyiladi, ammo oddiy qoʻshimcha emasligini, unda oʻzbekning asl nasabini belgilovchi, anglatuvchi qoʻshimchaligi haqida bayon qiladi.

Ushbu maqolada atov gaplarning ma’nosi, shakllanishi va maktab darsliklarida ularning qo‘llanilish usullari o‘rganildi. Atov gaplar nutqni yanada jonlantirish, ta’sirchanlikni oshirish va mavzuni aniq ifodalashda muhim vosita hisoblanadi. Tadqiqotda atov gaplarning turli turlari tahlil qilinib, ularni o‘quvchilarga samarali o‘rgatish metodikalari ko‘rib chiqildi. Mashqlar yordamida atov gaplarni to‘g‘ri qo‘llash usullari va darsliklardagi misollar tahlil qilindi. Natijalar atov gaplarni o‘rgatish jarayonini takomillashtirishga xizmat qilishi mumkin.

Ushbu maqola o‘quvchilarda tinglab tushunish ko‘nikmasini shakllantirish masalasiga bag‘ishlangan. Tinglab tushunish — bu kommunikativ faoliyatning muhim qismi bo‘lib, o‘quvchilarning tilni samarali o‘zlashtirishida hamda o‘rganilayotgan fanlar bo‘yicha ma’lumotni to‘g‘ri qabul qilishda asosiy omillardan biridir. Maqolada tinglab tushunish ko‘nikmasini rivojlantirish metodlari, pedagogik yondashuvlar va samarali usullar o‘rganilgan. Shuningdek, turli pedagogik tadqiqotlar natijalari asosida o‘quvchilarda tinglab tushunishni oshirishga qaratilgan amaliy tavsiyalar keltirilgan. Tadqiqot jarayonida aniq ma’lumotlar va ikki xil jadval yordamida tinglab tushunish ko‘nikmasining o‘quvchilarda shakllanish darajasi tahlil qilingan.