The article presents a framework for developing and assessing pragmatic competence, highlighting the role of context-specific knowledge, cultural awareness, and strategic communication abilities. Empirical studies are reviewed demonstrating how pragmatic failures can lead to miscommunication, social gaffes, and breakdowns in interpersonal understanding.
Ushbu tadqiqotda Samarqand viloyati sharoitida o‘sadigan bug’doy o‘simligi ayrim navlarining qurg’oqchilikka chidamililigi o‘rganilgan. O‘rganilgan barcha bug’doy navlari barglaridagi umumiy suv miqdori bo’yicha ham bir-biridan farq qilishi aniqlandi. Bug’doy navlari barglaridagi suv taqchilligi ham nav xususiyatlariga bog’liq holda o’zgarishi ko‘rildi. Andijon-1 navining barglarida suv taqchilligi eng yuqori bo’lsa, Tanya navida buni aksi ya’ni Andijon-1 da 6,8% suv taqchilligi Tanya bug’doy navida 2,5% suv taqchillik, qolgan navlar oraliq o’rinlarda.
This paper argues that incorporating pragmatic-focused activities into language curriculum is crucial for preparing students to communicate effectively in the target language. The article reviews research on the importance of pragmatic competence and describes several practical classroom activities that can be used to teach pragmatic skills, such as role-playing, discourse analysis, and metapragmatic reflection. Examples are provided of how these activities can be implemented at different proficiency levels to raise learners' awareness of pragmatic norms and provide opportunities for guided pragmatic practice. The paper concludes by discussing the benefits of an integrated approach to pragmatic instruction and considerations for effective implementation in a variety of language learning contexts.
Yosh organinzning har tomonlama rivojlanishi uchun vitaminlar talab etiladi. Vitaminlar tanada modda almashinuvini aktivlashtiradi va imunologik holatni oshiradi. Agarda tanada birortavitaminkamaysa- gipovitaminoz holati rivojlanadi. Ushbu maqola spazmofiliya va raxit kasalliklarining sabablari, oqibatlari va klinikasi haqida yortiladi.