The article analyzes the transformation of Iran’s foreign policy strategy from the Islamic Revolution of 1979 to the early decades of the twenty-first century. Particular focus is placed on how domestic reforms, constitutional changes, and shifting geopolitical conditions shaped Tehran’s external orientation. The study highlights the central role of the Supreme Leader, whose broad constitutional powers allow him to define national priorities, supervise their implementation, and intervene directly in political institutions. It further examines the contributions of the President, the Parliament (Majles), the Foreign Ministry, and constitutional councils to policy formulation. The paper traces key stages of Iranian diplomacy under Rafsanjani’s pragmatic reconstruction, Khatami’s “Dialogue Among Civilizations,” Ahmadinejad’s confrontational justice-centered approach, and Rouhani’s moderate, economically oriented strategy culminating in the JCPOA. Overall, the research demonstrates how Iran’s foreign policy continuously balances ideology and pragmatism to strengthen national interests and ensure regional leadership.

Mazkur maqolada o‘zbek milliy musiqasining shakllanish jarayoni, uning tarixiy ildizlari va bugungi kunda zamonaviy san’at talablari asosida qayta talqin qilinishi masalalari tahlil qilinadi. Global madaniy jarayonlar ta’sirida milliy musiqaning o‘zgarish xususiyatlari, an’anaviy kuy-qo‘shiqlarning estrada, simfonik va elektron musiqaga uyg‘unlashtirilishi o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, milliy musiqaning yosh avlod ongida tarbiyaviy ahamiyati va uning madaniy identitetni shakllantirishdagi o‘rni ilmiy nuqtai nazardan yoritiladi.

Ushbu maqolada A. Qodiriyning “Baxtsiz kuyov” asari va unda ta’kidlangan ta’limiy-axloqiy masalalar haqida fikr yuritiladi. Asarda muhabbat, ijtimoiy tengsizlik va adolatsizlik kabi dolzarb mavzular tilga olinadi. Asosiy qahramon Solih va Rahima o‘rtasidagi fojiaviy muhabbat hikoyasi orqali eski urf-odatlar qoralanadi.

Bul maqalada qaraqalpaq xalıq folklorınıń kelip shıǵıwı, qáliplesiwi hám janrlıq kóp túrliligi tallanǵan. Folklordıń xalıq tariyxın, úrp-ádetlerin, ruwxıy qádiriyatların sáwlelendiriwdegi ornı hám de zamanagóy dáwirde onıń áhmiyeti jarıtıp berilgen.

Maqolada soliq ma’murchiligini raqamlashtirish jarayonlari va ularning soliq bazasini kengaytirishdagi o‘rni tahlil qilingan. Raqamli texnologiyalarni soliq tizimiga joriy etish orqali soliqlarni yig‘ish samaradorligini oshirish, “soya iqtisodiyoti”ni qisqartirish hamda fiskal shaffoflikni ta’minlash imkoniyatlari ko‘rsatib berilgan. Shuningdek, O‘zbekiston tajribasi xalqaro amaliyot bilan solishtirilib, mavjud muammolar va ularni hal etish yo‘llari yoritilgan. Tadqiqot natijalariga ko‘ra, soliq ma’murchiligini raqamlashtirish davlat byudjeti barqarorligini ta’minlash, tadbirkorlik muhitini yaxshilash va soliq bazasini kengaytirishda strategik omil sifatida namoyon bo‘lmoqda.