Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston Davlat jismoniy tarbiya va sport universiteti talabalari qisqa masofaga yuguruvchilarning texnikasi va taktikasini rivojlantirish xaqida labaratoriya sharoitida olingan natijalar olingan.

В статье приведены влияние глобальных изменений климата на водные ресурсы Центральной Азии, оценка состояния водных ресурсов ЦА в условиях климатических изменений. Проведен анализ эволюции различных форм регулирования ВЭК ЦА начиная с советского периода и до наших дней, а также рассмотрен вопрос о темпах сокращения объема ледников в ЦА. Приведены материалы по принципам эффективного регулирования водно-экологического комплекса комплексной модернизации Международного фонда спасения Арала (МФСА), направленной на укрепление координации между водным и энергетическим секторами; схема создания под эгидой МФСА Международного водно-энергетического консорциума Центральной Азии в различных ее формах и др.

Yozuv rasm yoki magnitli audioyozuv kabi matnmas ifodalovchi yoki til saqlovchi vositalardan farqlanadi. Ilmiy, siyosiy, huquqiy, diniy va estetikaga oid malumotlar berilishi asoslangan. Buxoro, Samarqand, Marv, Urganch va boshqa yirik shaharlar hukmdorlari saroylarida kutubxonalar barpo etilgani va boshqa joylar kutubxonalari haqida ma’lumotlar bayon etildi.

Kitobxonlarga xizmat koʻrsatish kutubxonaning asosiy faoliyati boʻlib, quyidagilarni kiritish mumkin Kitob fondini yig‘ish(qog‘oz holati yoki elektron holatda), Kitob fondini tashkil etish, fond mazmunini yoritish, kitoblarni kitobxonlarga yetkazish, kitobxonlarga kitob o‘qishi uchun sharoitlar yaratish kabi asosiy funksiyalar yoritilgan. Kutubxonalarning kitobxonlarga xizmat koʻrsatishning asosiy vazifasi quyidagicha belgilangan bo‘lib, bular xushmuomala bo‘lish, kitoblar bazasini kengaytirish, kitobxonga o‘qishi uchun qulay sharoit yaratish, bor kitoblarni topib berish;

The teaching of speech acts in the English language, especially as a second or foreign language (ESL/EFL), must employ a manner that is thoroughly systematic, well-grounded theoretically and innovative if the situation is to guarantee the learners' effective acquisition of communicative competence. The aim was, among other objectives, to create didactic systems and to design instructional materials that might improve students' abilities, directly or indirectly, to know and then apply in practice these pragmatic rules. Drawing from Speech Act Theory, Politeness Theory, and Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT), the present study's intent was to evaluate methods which could serve as interactive, authentic, and culture-sensitive resources for pedagogical implementation in support of pragmatic competence. Data sources comprised classroom observations, role-plays, case studies, and reflective analyses. From the study, it has been learned that the integration of multimedia resources, real-life scenarios, and collaborative tasks strongly enhanced learners' competences in enacting acts of conversational cooperation: invitations, refusals, and requests. The study concludes with practical suggestions on didactic designs meant to direct the course of learners with respect to pragmalinguistic fluency and socialversible creativity.