Mazkur tadqiqotda «Yangi O‘zbekiston» taraqqiyoti sharoitida jamoat tartibini saqlash va xavfsizlikni ta'minlash borasidagi mavjud muammolar tizimli tahlil qilingan. Davlat va jamiyat boshqaruvida amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar fonida ichki ishlar organlari faoliyatini tashkil etishning yangi, konseptual yondashuvlari ishlab chiqilgan. Xususan, jamoat tartibini saqlashda huquqni qo‘llash amaliyotidagi kamchiliklarni bartaraf etish, mahalla instituti bilan institutsional hamkorlikni kuchaytirish, raqamli texnologiyalarni joriy etish va proaktiv profilaktik modellarni yaratish orqali xavfsizlik arxitekturasini takomillashtirishning ilmiy-amaliy yechimlari asoslab berilgan.

Mazkur maqolada jinoyat protsessi doirasida ushlab turilgan hamda ehtiyot chorasi sifatida qamoqqa olingan shaxslarni tergov hibsxonalarida saqlashning milliy va xalqaro-huquqiy asoslari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda gumon qilinuvchi va ayblanuvchilarning konstitutsiyaviy huquq va erkinliklarini kafolatlash, hibsxonalar faoliyatiga oid qonunchilik bazasini insonparvarlashtirish hamda «Xabeas korpus» instituti va Mandela qoidalari talablarini amaliyotga chuqurroq tatbiq etish masalalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, tergov hibsxonalarida saqlash tartibi va shartlarini takomillashtirish bo‘yicha nazariy hamda amaliy takliflar ilgari suriladi.

Mazkur maqolada xalqaro tajribada moliyaviy monitoring tizimining shakllanish bosqichlari, institutsional tuzilmasi, normativ-huquqiy asoslari hamda amaliy qo‘llash mexanizmlari kompleks tarzda tahlil qilinadi. Xususan, rivojlangan davlatlar va yetakchi xalqaro tashkilotlar tomonidan joriy etilgan AML/CFT (pul mablag‘larini legallashtirishga va terrorizmni moliyalashtirishga qarshi kurashish) tizimlarining evolyutsiyasi, riskga asoslangan yondashuv (Risk-Based Approach), mijozni identifikatsiya qilish (KYC), benefisiar mulkdorlikni aniqlash, shubhali operatsiyalar monitoringi hamda moliyaviy razvedka mexanizmlarining samaradorligi o‘rganiladi. Maqolada Financial Action Task Force (FATF) tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan xalqaro standartlar, shuningdek, Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), European Union doirasidagi AML direktivalari hamda Monetary Authority of Singapore tajribasi misolida moliyaviy monitoring tizimining tashkiliy va texnologik modellari tahlil qilinadi. Raqamli texnologiyalar, sun’iy intellekt va katta ma’lumotlar (Big Data) asosida tranzaksiyalarni real vaqt rejimida tahlil qilish imkoniyatlari moliyaviy monitoring samaradorligini oshiruvchi muhim omil sifatida baholanadi.

This article provides a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms underlying the trait of early maturity in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) breeding, with a specific focus on the functional role of the FLO (FLORICAULA/LEAFY) gene family based on an analysis of contemporary literature. The study synthesizes global research findings to analyze nucleotide sequence variations within FLO genes (SNP polymorphism) and their direct impact on the acceleration of plant ontogeny. Furthermore, the genetic diversity of functional genotypes identified through sequencing technologies and their adaptability to diverse climatic conditions are comparatively evaluated. The review discusses the prospects of marker-assisted selection (MAS) strategies for enhancing the sunflower gene pool and the potential for the effective utilization of FLO genes in the breeding process. By interpreting global research results from the past decade, the functional significance of SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) markers arising from nucleotide substitutions within the FLO gene structure is scientifically substantiated. The study further elucidates the correlational links between the genetic diversity of sunflower lines from various phylogenetic groups and the adaptive potential of FLO genotypes. The findings serve as a theoretical platform for adapting agricultural crops to climate change, advancing MAS technologies, and developing innovative genotypes with abbreviated vegetative periods.

The active development of inclusive education necessitates a modernized approach to the professional training of future speech therapists. This article explores innovative methodologies and pedagogical conditions required to enhance the readiness of university students for effective speech therapy activities within an inclusive environment. The study analyzes traditional training models and proposes a comprehensive framework that integrates practical case studies, adaptive teaching strategies, and modern educational technologies. The findings indicate that improving the professional, practical, and psychological competencies of future specialists significantly increases the quality of speech and language support for children with special educational needs. The proposed recommendations aim to optimize higher education standards in the field of special pedagogy and inclusive practices.