Mamlakatda bank tizimining barqaror rivojlanishi ko‘p jihatdan tijorat banklarining moliyaviy risklarni, ayniqsa valyuta risklarini samarali boshqara olishiga bog‘liqdir. Global iqtisodiy integratsiya jarayonlari, transchegaraviy moliyaviy operatsiyalar va xorijiy investitsiyalarning oshib borayotgani fonida O‘zbekiston bank tizimi uchun valyuta risklari dolzarb masalaga aylangan. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida yuzaga keluvchi valyuta risklarining turlari, ularning vujudga kelish sabablari va moliyaviy barqarorlikka ta’siri keng yoritiladi. Tadqiqot “Kapitalbank” ATB misolida olib borilib, 2020–2024 yillar oralig‘ida xorijiy valyutadagi aktiv va majburiyatlar strukturasidagi o‘zgarishlar asosida valyuta risklarining darajasi tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada bankning ochiq valyuta pozitsiyasi, uning o‘zgarish dinamikasi va bu pozitsiyaning kurs farqidan kelib chiqadigan foyda yoki zarar ko‘rinishidagi moliyaviy oqibatlari baholanadi. Shuningdek, “Kapitalbank” ATB tomonidan qo‘llanilayotgan valyuta riskini kamaytirish usullari – xedjing strategiyalari, risklarni limitlash, portfel diversifikatsiyasi hamda ichki nazorat mexanizmlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Xalqaro amaliyotdagi ilg‘or tajribalar bilan solishtirma tahlil asosida O‘zbekiston tijorat banklarida valyuta risklarini boshqarish samaradorligini oshirish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar ishlab chiqiladi. Ushbu tadqiqot natijalari tijorat banklarining valyuta riskiga nisbatan barqarorligini oshirish, risklarni oldindan aniqlash va ularning salbiy oqibatlarini minimallashtirishda amaliy ahamiyatga ega.

In the next five years as the education system in the country, paid particular attention to all areas. New uzbekistan-new outlook in the period of “education law”on the new accepted taxriri t’the education system is updated. Developed in the study of the process of modern education technology education in foreign countries of the country, paid particular attention to the further development of the education system.

prepare future teachers to pedagogical activity of the joint – is one of the critical functions of the modern education system. Collective work, cooperative learning, and the application of methods of the formation of teachers ' professional skills to solve problems together kompetensiya service will improve. In this article the concept of the pedagogical activity, collaboration, and the mechanisms of its formation in the process of preparing future teachers to the practice of the methods used will be covered.

Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy ta’lim tizimining muhim yo‘nalishlaridan biri bo‘lgan STEAM ta’limi va uning tarkibiy qismlaridan biri — muhandislik fanining ahamiyati yoritilgan. STEAM yondashuvi fan, texnologiya, muhandislik, san’at va matematikani birlashtirgan holda o‘quvchilarda ijodkorlik, tanqidiy fikrlash va amaliy ko‘nikmalarni rivojlantirishga xizmat qiladi. Ayniqsa, muhandislik komponenti o‘quvchilarning real muammolarni hal etish, yangi g‘oyalarni yaratish va loyihaviy faoliyatni amalga oshirish qobiliyatlarini shakllantiradi. Maqolada muhandislik tafakkurining shakllanish jarayoni, uning boshlang‘ich va o‘rta ta’limdagi o‘rni hamda o‘quvchilarning kelajakdagi kasbiy yo‘nalishlarini tanlashdagi roli tahlil qilinadi. Natijada, muhandislik yondashuvi STEAM ta’limining markaziy va ijodiy asosini tashkil etishi isbotlanadi.

This article is about the general natural sciences that have been passed to this day and in the future, fully revealing the goals, relevance, innovation and integration of science. Natural sciences serve as the mainstay of scientific thinking, technological progress and sustainable development in modern society. Through them, humanity understands nature, solves problems and creates innovative solutions.