Pneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children with congenital hydrocephalus, posing unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to explore the specific features of pneumonia progression in children born with hydrocephalus, focusing on the interplay between neurological impairments and respiratory vulnerability. Hydrocephalus, a condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, can lead to various neurological deficits, which in turn increase the susceptibility to respiratory infections, including pneumonia. The study employs a retrospective analysis of clinical data from pediatric patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus who were also treated for pneumonia. Data were collected on the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, treatment protocols, and outcomes of pneumonia in these patients. Key findings revealed that children with hydrocephalus often present with atypical pneumonia symptoms, including lethargy, irritability, and feeding difficulties, which complicates early diagnosis. Furthermore, respiratory defense mechanisms in these children are compromised due to poor neuromuscular control and swallowing dysfunction, leading to an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia.

Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Adliya vazirligining mustaqillik yillaridagi shakllanishi, faoliyat yo‘nalishlari, islohotlar va taraqqiyot bosqichlari tahlil qilinadi. Davlat boshqaruvi va huquqiy tizimni takomillashtirishdagi roli, huquqiy davlat asoslarini mustahkamlashdagi hissasi yoritilgan.

Major financial crises often have widespread impacts beyond the economic fallout. This article examines the influence of crises like the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) of 2008 on consumer behaviour and market dynamics. It analyzes changes in spending patterns, preferences, and brand loyalty using quantitative data from surveys as well as financial and firm reports. Key theories linking wealth effects and uncertainty with consumption are also explored. Research into this topic has been done to have a more clear view about the buying behavior and market condition. There also have been made conclusions how to deal with the market and consumers if the identical crisis happens.

Small biopsies are of great importance in pathological diagnostics, as they allow for the early detection of many diseases and the determination of treatment strategies. However, morphological errors that occur during the evaluation of these samples can lead to incorrect diagnosis and a negative impact on the patient's health. The article analyzes the main morphological errors that occur during the study of small biopsies, their causes and clinical consequences. It also highlights the importance of improving the biopsy technique, proper sample preparation, and the use of modern diagnostic methods (immunohistochemistry, molecular diagnostics) to prevent errors. The study also shows the possibilities of reducing diagnostic errors by improving the professional skills of pathologists and strengthening quality control.

Ushbu maqola raqamli makonda bola huquqlarining himoyasi milliy va xorijiy qonunchilikda qay darajada aks etganligi chuqur va atroflicha tahlil qilingan. Qolaversa, ushbu sohada amalga oshirilayotgan ishlar va ularning qay darajada samaradorligi keltirib o’tilgan. Shuningdek bola huquqlarini raqamli texnologiyalarda xavsizlik va maxfiylik choralarni ko’rish haqida davlatlarning tajribasi ham yoritib o’tilgan. Internet tizimida bola huquqlarining himoya qilish sohasida davlat uchrashi mumkin bo’lgan asosiy muammolar tahlil qilingan hamda ushbu muammolarni hal qilish yuzasidan tegishli takliflar ishlab chiqilgan. Milliy qonunchiligimizda ham bola huquqlarining himoyasi bo’yicha ko’rilayotgan chora-tadbirlar haqida ham fikirlar bildirilgan.